Lorazepam Overview

Trade Name

• Ativan

Indications

• Treatment of anxiety
• Treatment of seizures
• Used for sedation

Mechanism of Action

• General CNS depression
• Potentiates inhibitory neurotransmitters

Therapeutic Classifications

• Anesthetic adjunct
• Anti-anxiety agent
• Sedative-hypnotic

Pharmacologic Class

• Benzodiazepine

Special Considerations for Nursing

• Caution in patients with COPD and sleep apnea (impact on respiratory rate)
• Discourage concurrent alcohol use (excessive sedation)
• Overdose treatment: Flumazenil (Romazicon)
  • Use cautiously as rapid reversal can cause seizures
• Possible side effects:
  • Apnea
  • Cardiac arrest
  • Bradycardia
  • Hypotension
• Careful use with other CNS depressants
• IV administration:
  • Should be slow
  • Drug should be diluted to decrease complications

Propylene Glycol Content

• IV formulation contains propylene glycol
• Generally not an issue at small doses
• High doses or frequent use can lead to toxicity, especially with renal impairment
  • Possible accumulation of propylene glycol
  • May lead to lactic acidosis, seizures, respiratory depression
  • Rarely, can cause death

Additional Information

• Content sourced from Nursing.com MedMaster Podcast
• Free download of 50 most commonly prescribed medications available at nursing.com/sl50meds
• Aim: To support nursing students and professionals with clear, concise information and resources.