Hey all, it is Professor McCurdy over here recording videos for the lower limb model. We will start at the proximal end. You can see here in the iliac fascia, this is the iliacus.
Notice that the muscle continues behind the inguinal ligament. Next to the iliacus you can see the psoas major has sort of a different origin. It originates on the lumbar vertebra.
Over on the back side, you can see the gluteus maximus. This model has been damaged. Part of the gluteus maximus is missing.
You can also see the gluteus medius, and you can see just a little bit of the thoracolumbar fascia. Back to the anterior side. You'll notice right here, remember, this is the anterior superior iliac spine, and there are two muscles, one that goes laterally that is shorter, that is the tensor fasciae latae, right?
Tensor fasciae latae. into this. This piece of connective tissue is the iliotibial tract.
Sort of making the other half of this inverted V. Going medial from the anterior superior iliac spine is the sartorius. Sartorius has the distinction of being the longest muscle in the body. So in between the tensor fasciae latae and the sartorius, we can see three of the four muscles of the quadriceps group, right?
Quadriceps means four-headed. This is not a... single-foreheaded muscles is actually four muscles that share a common tendon, right?
It's the quadriceps tendon, which inserts into the patella, which then attaches to the patellar ligament and the tibial tuberosity, just to review some bone markings there. This is the rectus femoris. Rectus means straight.
So it runs straight up and down. It's used for straightening the leg. I'm not sure of the exact origin of why they chose the name of that.
Lateral to the rectus femoris, we have the vastus lateralis. Vastus meaning large, like vast. And over here, we have the vastus medialis. If we were to take apart the model, we could see the vastus intermedius, which is behind the rectus femoris. femoris between the vastus lateralis and the vastus medialis.
On the posterior side, right, we can see the three muscles that make up the hamstrings, right, commonly referred to as the hamstrings. They have these little stringy tendons that you can feel on the back of your knee. Over here on the left.
The lateral side, that is the biceps femoris, right? That's why it's important to include the word femoris or brachii when naming muscles. The biceps brachii is in the arm.
The biceps femoris is here. It's in the leg. Remember, femoral means having to do with the thigh.
thigh. Next, on the other side, sort of the other half, I should say, we've got two muscles that are kind of paired up. I think of them as each one being half of a larger, like, I don't know, half of a set of muscles.
I mention that because they are the semitendinosus, and then underneath it, the semimembranosus, right? Semi means half, so they're kind of like half of a pair. Here in this medial view we can see some muscles of what's referred to as a medial compartment.
If we want to do them in order, you can see just a little bit of the pectineus, right next to the femoral artery, femoral vein, right? It's pectineus attached. to the pubis.
And then you have the adductor longus. And then this muscle on top of both the adductor longus and adductor magnus, that is called the gracilis. And then this, that is the adductor magnus.
So moving down, you can see the tibialis anterior, right, which is anterior to the tibia. And then next to the tibialis anterior, you can see the extensor digitorum alongus, right? If you follow the tendons, they split and go to all of the digits.
Here we have the fibularis longus and fibularis brevis on the lateral side, the fibular side of the leg. In the back here, we have the gastrocnemius, which is sort of the upper part of the calf. And then sort of deep to it, we have the soleus. Both the gastrocnemius and the soleus insert into the calcaneal tendon, which is attached to the calcaneus used in plantar flexion. And that's more or less all the muscles that you can see on the lower limb model.