Definition: Group polarization refers to the strengthening of group opinions on a specific topic when members share the same opinions.
Impact: Shared opinions within a group lead to stronger beliefs due to increased peer support.
Mechanism of Group Polarization
As discussions occur, previous views become more polarized.
Example: A group that prefers Coca-Cola over Pepsi will strengthen its belief as more members express their dislike for Pepsi.
Influence of Need for Affiliation
Individuals have a strong need for affiliation and are influenced by the opinions of others.
Expressing stronger views after learning that others share similar thoughts serves as positive feedback.
Example: A person thinks a meal is good, tells a friend, and upon learning it’s their favorite, perceives it as the best meal ever.
Consequences of Group Polarization
Destructive Behavior: For some groups, polarization can lead to actions rooted in collective opinions through mutual reinforcement.
Negative Outcomes: Can result in antisocial or destructive behavior as thoughts transform into actions.
Exaggeration of prevailing attitudes can lead to extreme behaviors.
Conclusion
Group Polarization and Groupthink: Group polarization may contribute to groupthink by reinforcing and exaggerating group opinions, potentially leading to harmful behaviors.