MBBS Lectures - Medicine Overview

Introduction to Medicine

• Overview of transition from pathology to medicine.
• Importance of understanding diseases and their pathophysiology.

Pathology Review

• Focus on the mechanisms behind diseases studied in pathology.
• Examination of gross and microscopic features of diseases.
• Pathology knowledge aids in understanding medicine and facilitates easier learning.

Clinical Features in Medicine

• Definition of clinical features: Signs & symptoms of diseases.
• Process:
  • Initial diagnosis based on clinical features.
  • Start treatment based on this initial diagnosis.
  • If the patient does not improve, proceed to investigations.

Investigations

• Types of investigations include:
  • CT scans
  • MRI
  • X-rays
  • Endoscopy
• Importance of determining the investigation of choice for specific diseases.

Treatment Process

• Steps in medicine involve:
  1. Diagnose through clinical features.
  2. Perform investigation of choice.
  3. Administer treatment of choice based on diagnosis and investigations.

Example Case Study: Dysphagia

• Considerations when patient presents with dysphagia:
  • Collect detailed history (age, symptoms, family, social, personal, drug, allergic history).
  • Investigate clinical features:
    • Change from solid to liquid food difficulty.
    • Nocturnal cough.
    • Regurgitation.
    • Chest pain.
  • Recognizing patterns of symptoms that suggest a diagnosis, e.g., Achalasia.

Conclusion:

• Importance of clinical feature recognition in diagnosing diseases.
• Continuous investigation and adaptation of treatment based on patient progress.

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