Lecture Notes: Human Reproductive System - Chapter 15

Introduction

The class is a continuation and revision of concepts from Form 1 regarding reproduction.
Chapter 15 is the last chapter for Form 4, important for Form 5 students.
Today's lecture focuses on the reproductive systems, whereas next week's will be more technical.

Key Parts: Ovary, Fallopian Tube, Uterus, Cervix, Vagina
Ovary:
- Produces ovum and female hormones regulating menstrual cycle.
Uterus:
- Muscular organ for fetus development.
- Has thick muscular walls and the endometrium (rich in blood vessels).
- Expands during pregnancy and contracts during childbirth.
Fallopian Tube:
- Connects ovary to uterus; site where fertilization occurs.
- Lined with cilia to help ovum move.
Cervix:
- Narrow opening to the uterus, dilates during childbirth.
- Secretes mucus to assist sperm movement.
Vagina:
- Connects external body to uterus.
- Pathway for childbirth and menstrual flow.

Key Parts: Urethra, Penis, Seminal Vesicle, Prostate Gland, Vas Deferens, Testes
Seminal Vesicle:
- Produces fluid rich in nutrients for sperm, forms part of semen.
Prostate Gland:
- Secretes fluid to activate sperm.
Testes:
- Produce sperm and testosterone.
- Located in the scrotum to maintain lower temperature for sperm production.
Urethra (Male):
- Common pathway for urine and sperm.
Penis:
- Muscular organ that delivers sperm.
Scrotum:
- Skin sac that holds testes.
- Testes descend into the scrotum shortly after birth.
Sperm Duct (Vas Deferens):
- Transports sperm from testes to seminal vesicle.

Today's class focused on the basic structure and function of male and female reproductive systems.
Next session will cover gametogenesis (sperm and ovum formation).

Important to understand reproductive health issues such as prostate and cervical cancer.
Encouragement to study hard for upcoming exams and use the lecture notes for review.