The History of Granada and the Islamic Moors

Moorish Conquest and Rule

• Year 711: North African Muslims, known as the Moors, crossed the Straits of Gibraltar and quickly conquered the Iberian Peninsula.
• Conversion: They converted most of its inhabitants to Islam.
• Moorish Spain: For over 700 years, Spain was a predominantly Muslim society.

Granada's Significance

• Granada: Served as the capital of the last Moorish empire until 1492.
• Alhambra: The key site in Granada; represents the peak of Moorish architectural achievement.

Moorish Contributions

• Mathematics and Science: Moorish advances in engineering, medicine, and classical Greek studies were significant.
• Cultural Exchange: Europeans regained some ancient Greek knowledge through scholars in Moorish Spain.

The Alhambra Palace

• Architecture: The palace demonstrates advanced Moorish skills in both design and aesthetics.
  • Hall of the Ambassadors: The sultan’s throne room, renowned for its complex wooden ceiling.
  • Arabic Calligraphy: Decorated extensively with Quranic verses and poetry.
  • Water Features: Represented life and heaven; integral to the Alhambra's design.

The Reconquista

• Christian Reconquest: Campaign to push Moors back into Africa, culminating in victory in 1492.
• Post-Reconquista: Christian forces established their rule, resulting in Spain's Golden Age.

Charles V and Spanish Renaissance

• Renaissance Palace: Charles V built a Renaissance palace within the Alhambra grounds.
• Symbol of Conquest: Demonstration of new Christian rule over former Moorish lands.

The history of Granada and the Alhambra encapsulates the rich heritage and influence of the Moors in Spain, showcasing their contributions to culture, architecture, and knowledge.