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Early 20th Century Urban America

Apr 7, 2025

Lecture Notes: Chapter 21 - Urban America in the Early 20th Century

Overview

  • Focus on Urban America and developments in urban environments during the early 20th century.
  • Period covered: 1900 to 1917, known as the Progressive Era.
  • Key themes include the Progressive Era, Prohibition Movement, Women's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU), birth control movement, racism, and accommodation.

Learning Objectives

  • Understand the Progressive Era: A three-decade period focused on reform and progressivism.
  • Study the Prohibition Movement: Efforts to prohibit alcohol.
  • Learn about the Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU): The largest women's organization advocating for temperance.
  • Birth Control Movement: Focus on Margaret Sanger, founder of Planned Parenthood.

Key Topics

The Progressive Era

  • Study the origins of progressivism and its challenges.
  • Key focus areas include social control, the women's movement, and black activism.
  • Muckraking: Investigative journalism exposing social ills; understand its definition and role.

Immigration and Urbanization

  • Documented by photographer Jacob Riis, highlighting poverty in urban environments.
  • Immigrants played a significant role in populating urban areas.

Women's Movement and Black Activism

  • Details on women's suffrage and activism.
  • Focus on black activism, including Booker T. Washington and the Niagara Movement.

Birth Control and Margaret Sanger

  • Margaret Sanger coined the term "birth control"; key figure in the movement.
  • Importance of understanding her activism and role in women's rights.

Racism and Accommodation

  • Connection to minstrel shows and lynching.
  • Examination of systemic racism, criminality against formerly enslaved people, and societal perceptions of race.
  • Movements against racism: NAACP (oldest civil rights organization), Booker T. Washington, and others.

Important Figures and Organizations

  • Margaret Sanger: Founder of Planned Parenthood.
  • Booker T. Washington: Key figure against racism.
  • NAACP: National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.
  • WCTU: Woman's Christian Temperance Union.

Assignments and Exam Preparation

  • Pay close attention to the material related to the test coming up in October.
  • Specific assignment on Margaret Sanger.
  • Ensure understanding of the impact of immigration, urbanization, and reforms during the Progressive Era.

Final Notes

  • Chapter 21 offers insight into early 20th-century urban life, reforms, and societal issues.
  • Review presentation assignments related to this chapter for a deeper understanding.
  • Make sure to read through all sections carefully to grasp the complexities of the era.