Lecture Notes: Power and Ethics in Leadership

Introduction

• Refresher on key concepts from organizational behavior class.
• Focus on power and its role in self-management and ethical leadership.

Understanding Power

• Definition: The capacity to enforce one's will over others.
• Power is not just control but knowing when to exercise control wisely.
• Dependency: Power is linked to dependence - the more others rely on you, the more influence you have.
• Ethical vigilance is crucial to prevent misuse of power (e.g., sexual harassment).

Types of Power

• Formal Power:
  • Derived from one's position within an organization.
  • Coercive Power: Ability to punish.
  • Reward Power: Capacity to offer incentives.
  • Legitimate Power: Authority granted by an official role.
• Personal Power:
  • Comes from within the individual.
  • Expertise Power: Influence from specialized knowledge or skills.
  • Referent Power: Influence from personal traits that inspire admiration and loyalty.

Effectiveness of Power Bases

• Perception drives effectiveness.
• Coercive measures ensure short-term compliance.
• Leadership built on personal connections fosters trust and commitment.

Concept of Dependency

• Power is wielded based on dependency.
• Dependency influenced by importance, scarcity, and non-substitutability of resources.
• Ethical Responsibility: Ensure dependencies don't lead to exploitation.

Influence Tactics

• Rational Persuasion: Logical arguments and factual evidence.
• Inspirational Appeals: Align with team values and aspirations.
• Consultation: Involves others in decision-making.
• Start with softer tactics for effective leadership and ethical practice.

Risks of Power Misuse

• Can lead to self-prioritization, overconfidence, and unethical behavior.
• Self-Management: Awareness and accountability to prevent power abuse.
• Create respectful, safe, and successful workplace environments.

Conclusion

• Power is a double-edged sword.
• Can drive innovation and motivation if used ethically.
• Understanding power sources, dependency dynamics, and influence tactics enhances leadership.
• Ethical leadership empowers others, upholding fairness and respect.
• Encourage continuous integrity in leadership.