[Music] hello welcome my name is jod skoles I am your instructor for the mblex review course and we're excited today to be here to study [Music] [Applause] [Music] pathology let's talk a little bit about osteop osis so what is it you've heard of it can you nail it all right it's a it's a pathology where the bones become brittle osteoporosis osteop that's less severity it's in the same family osteopenia is just the early stages of osteoporosis so they're not two different conditions they're basically the same condition osteoporosis is just the Bones have become fragile so osteop there's been some bone mass loss well what does that look like take a peek all right so you can see these symptoms of osteoporosis here's healthy spine here's a little bit of a kyotic curve and then there's hyper kyphosis kyphosis or hyper kyphosis are both conditions of the thoracic spine one is just a little less severe than the other right so kyphosis hyper kyphosis or Hunchback you that that hunched back Hunchback in Notre Dame did you read that in school that hunched back he had kyphosis yeah so and often times because of the condition the osteoporosis condition these bones are brittle and it can lead to fracture that's the danger so let's take a look at what's actually happening in the bone with osteoporosis and our session adaptation is to use less pressure you're not going to be massaging directly on the bone anyhow but if you're seeing a client with the condition of osteoporosis what's happening is take a look here this is the normal density of a vertebrae look at the um the open Airy Parts here this is what's happening with osteop promosis the bone density loss next slide shows it a little more too so normal bone nice dense right osteoporotic bone so look at that word osteoartic I just used it as an adjective so I'm describing a bone sometimes these questions on the embl are going to be like what are they talking about osteoporosis yes they are yes they are so bone density and here we're highlighting an area in the lumbar spine that is vulnerable you get this kyphosis here and then all of a sudden this like another big lordotic card hyperlordosis and that's again because of weight bearing that's where we're bearing some weight that can be subject uh um susceptible to fracture so where are we most susceptible to fracture with osteoporosis hip spine and wrist what are the risk factors for osteoporosis uh gender females get it more than males like nine out of 10 times age almost always elderly an elderly person is getting osteoporosis usually over 45 over 50 um because their hormones have changed right uh asian-americans uh are like so fail uh pale skin so um so European women um as well sometimes are subject so white fair skin light hair light bones little birds like we call them little birdy women right um so and you'll see in another chart who doesn't get osteoporosis um but body size if you're small framed okay thank you so if you're small framed as well you can be susceptible so risk factors age gender females um Caucasian and Asian race uh tend to have osteoprosis more um inactive low vitamin D uh low uh low estrogen so after the age of 50 55 as women's estrogen starts production starts to go down um smoking can be a risk factor um and quitting certain drugs can also be a risk factor but let's take a look at the epidemiology of osteoporosis and what the heck is epidemiology uh so epidemiology I'm just just a moment because I want to I wrote it down so I wouldn't forget epidemiology is the branch of medicine that deals with the incidence distribution and possible control of diseases and other factors relating to health so technically epidemiology is the study of pathology the epidemiology of osteoporosis so who gets it what races so the epidemiology of osteoporosis so that's branch of medicine that deals with the incidents who gets it the distribution how many get it um and the possible control of those diseases so all right so we're back to our regularly scheduled program all right so who gets it uh in the US uh about 8 million women um and 2 million about 2 million out of the eight million have it those are rough numbers um so one in three women um and then one in 12 men uh 7% are postmen is pusle uh who doesn't get it uh Mexican-American women they just don't get it um about 10% actually um who does get it non-hispanic non-hispanic white women um and uh men of all ages uh you young and old but only about 6% um and black women also rarely about 5% of the time so the epidemiology so if you see that word on the emx it just means the study of so the epidemiology the study of osteoporosis all sorts of Statistics okay in a way we go so how does it relate to massage therapy um um so how can you as a massage therapist assist uh a client who's been diagnosed with osteoporosis well uh whether it's osteop or osteoporosis recognizing those high-risk clients um I think of them as like the little birdie clients right the the ones who are frail not only not not just the old folks right because old old ladies old women um senior citizen women uh do tend to be frail however um I've had people who've gotten osteopenia a diagnosis of osteopenia at 45 so recognizing those clients who are at high risk um and if you think that they're having some symptoms encouraging them to get seen by a doctor um and using uh avoid using deep pressure techniques uh we don't do any pressure on the spine anyhow but just be cognizant of and refrain from doing any massage techniques that could um endanger um or hurt right first Do no harm and then uh encouraging clients to do activities that build bone mass so being proactive saying hey I learned about osteoporosis in school and um you know what can be done to improve it and I'll show you that slide in just a moment the biggest risk factor for osteoporosis is that people don't know they have have it and they don't know they have it until they fall so sometimes the first sign of osteoporosis is fracture they've fallen and broken a hip yeah so just knowing those early warning signs and what can be done to increase bone mass see oh thank you for answering the question Ensley and Lana uh the question that was ear asked earlier was how heavy is your head 8 to 12 pounds so yes you are both right 8 to 12 pounds but at times they say the first sign of an artery being blocked is a heart attack right um well sometimes the first sign of osteoporosis is uh falling and fracturing yeah so just being aware um of who is in that high risk factor and Advising them on what they can do for prevention and there are lovely things like this that you could even hang in your office or have as a handout um that talks about osteoporosis uh for those um those women or men uh who are at high risk factors so again it's the gender is mostly women elderly white um and frail those are the high risk factors you might get asked about that on the MX um and prevention how can can we prevent so for those of you who are certified in personal training you know the answer to this you can do weightbearing exercise that is one of the best ways to stop the progression of osteop weightbearing exercise so go to the gym carry your groceries weight to bearing body weight exercises um are also great um so that's uh weightbearing I thought I had a picture of it but here you see in this little corner the prevention right um so eat foods that are high in calcium and high in vitamin D our body doesn't actually produce vitamin D we have to get it from outside sources and one of the easiest ways to get it is sunlight you know the universe didn't make no fool they know we don't make vitamin D so they give us sunlight we can get it from Just 15 minutes of sunlight um is one way to get vitamin D yeah that's why it's also fortified in milk right so dairy products but for some people they're um lactose intolerant and they can't use dairy products we'll see in just a moment other sources of vitamin D for them um vitamins and supplements avoid smoking and drinking yeah yeah yeah okay so ways to prevent the progression of Osteo a good diet that includes calcium and vitamin D um your bones store about 99% of the calcium however the vitamin D's helps your body absorb the calcium so what's the role of vitamin D helps your body your bones absorb the calcium so both are important um but what if you can't drink milk or you can't have dairy um you can get vitamin D in broccoli in kale in oranges apricot salmon almonds but the best way the very best way you know of course improve your diet don't smoke don't drink too much um but the very best way is that weight bear ing exercise osteop for to help stop the progression of the disease weightbearing exercise okay all right let's take a look at the difference we're going to move into the third category well not our third stage but the last category of learning today and that is the difference between osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis what what do you mean we have to know the difference between these two types of arthritis um yeah you do uh because they're really different [Music] [Applause] most maybe you'll get it as a Jeopardy question okay how can one prevent osteoporosis and osteop Pena how can one prevent osteoporosis or osteop a longdistance running B walking C you can't avoid it it's genetic D weightbearing exercise all right let's get rid of the one we know is wrong longdistance running is not going to help you with osteoporosis that is not going to be a good idea if you have osteop Pena whoa everybody's got an answer all right let's Oh yay all right I'm gonna just say I want to say your name I want to say your name um good all right I'm gonna go backwards all right Tammy yes good Valerie yes Andrew yes um Miss V you're in uh nuta you got it yes Diana you got it eny you got it Marina yes Anastasia yes Latrice uhuh Joe yep Tiffany good Mimi you got it yep Yolanda you're in good and it is out of those answers weightbearing exercise so walking is lovely but it it's good to stay active but weightbearing exercise absolutely the best answer there and you know if it's in your jeans can you avoid it it's actually good to know if your mom had it or your aunt had it um then good to know that you can prevent it by um some of those ways we've talked about good job and now you know too that osteop is the early stage of osteoporosis other ways uh lifestyle modifications calcium D yeah and so yeah and so depending on the stage of osteop of oste osis uh don't fall like you have osteoporosis just don't fall don't go skiing Yeah final question what is the difference between rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis and so yay we're done how's that for a little pathology huh crazy yeah and you know what we did guys and gals we studied four out of about the 40 car um categories of pathology we studied the skeletal system today and we didn't even get to the types of joints but that's okay we covered a lot of ground and we covered some good ground and now you know a lot not just the pathology um the PA pathology of these but also kind of the structure the what the contents are um all right let's go so I will say thank you very much I'm gonna hang out uh for a few minutes afterwards here I want to say thank you for being here thank you for studying thank you for wanting to be a massage therapist H the world needs you now honestly this is your calling this is look you may be an excellent artist you might be a musician you might be an accountant but let me tell you the the call to be a massage therapist thank you Mimi Mimi says manifesting past for all of us um but that no matter what pays your bill right now this is part of your DNA I would love to tell you that you could put it away and forget about it ain't gonna happen it's going to be like tick tick tick tick tick tick tick tick dick get licensed get licensed go do body work yeah yeah because not every every body wants to be a massage therapist and because you guys are on the path I know this about you I know it's your calling so thanks for being here and answering the call you're doing it so signing off for today as I mentioned I'll hang out here with uh the students who are in class or graduates or are here in class um but we'll see you again real soon [Music]