all right welcome back to ABA exam review and let's learn ABA today we're going to be covering discrete trial training security training is a basic fundamental skill that we need to have as ABA practitioners rbts and bcbas both need to know and be familiar with how we do discrete trial training and the different types of screen trial training we can Implement very easy concept we don't want to over complicate it so we're going to make it as easy as possible today if you're looking for our RBT exam materials check out btexamerview.com bcba materials check out behavioranalystituted.com please like And subscribe other than that let's work hard study hard let's learn Aba so does great trial training dtt it's great trial of teaching however you want to refer to it it's all the same right so we're repeatedly presenting the SDS or our instructions followed by planned consequences and feedback and the key word there is plan screen trial training is very very contrived very controlled very planned it isn't naturalistic it's not incidental it's very very planned so what we're going to cover is what is dtt the different parts of dtt methods you can use and then things you need to remember about discrete trial training so what is discrete trial training well again it is just Trials of SDS so instructions followed by responses followed by consequences and feedback and we just repeat that cycle over and over again a discrete trial just simply means there's a clear beginning and a clear end you can also refer to it as discrete trial teaching or dtt our typical sequence is going to have an SD followed by a prompt if necessary followed by the response followed by the consequence and feedback and then a brief post trial pause two to three seconds just to identify the end of one trial and the start of another when do you want to use the street trial treat teaching or training well when you're teaching a new behavior dtt is great because you're delivering a lot of consequences and feedback and reinforcement very very quickly it's very very controlled and you can do a lot in a short amount of time so you're delivering trial after trial after trial very rapidly you also have a lot of control over the learning procedure you have control over the environment you have control over the reinforcement it is very good for teaching new skills now let's break down the different parts of a discrete trial so our typical discrete trial is going to start with an SD or a discriminative stimulus otherwise known as the instruction so you say touch blue say cat what is your name run to the store whatever your SD is whatever your instruction is that's where we start right then if there is a prompt The Prompt follows the SD and a lot of people mess this part up because they want to prompt after the consequence they want to prompt after the response a prompt is an antecedent The Prompt has to come after the SD before the response it's very very important because the prompt is really just a temporary SD looking to evoke the correct response so make sure when you're prompting you're putting the prompt in the right place so after we prompt either a stimulus a response prompt make sure you check out that video we have on our Channel we get our response so the learner response the learner might have the correct response the incorrect response maybe no response okay um a lot of discrete trial tracking methods will give you three options you can indicate a correct response an incorrect response and then a no response that no response is important in dtt typically you want your responses in dtt to occur within a few seconds of the SD if it's taking 10 20 30 seconds to respond it's really not functional the response is Then followed by our consequence now that consequence can be reinforcement if it they hit the target Behavior it can be corrective feedback or it can be punishment right if you're going to use corrective feedback make sure you're specific and you label the target behavior and what you want to see we don't just say good job we don't say that's not it we want to be specific about what we want to see okay use your language wisely and then there's a post trial policy the post trial pause is simply two to three seconds to distinguish between one trial and the next so different types of methods used in dtt Mass practice is when we're just presenting the same trial over and over multiple times in a row just trying to teach the same skill okay you have to be careful with math practice that you're not satiating on reinforcement because math practice you're typically going to be delivering a lot of reinforcement you can do that with token economies or by limiting reinforcement outside of dtt then the No No prompt strategy so no no prompt strategies are used after correct responding is demonstrated this is important an important thing to remember about no no prompting we want to use no no prompting after the the learner has already indicated an errorless teaching that they can respond correctly so in this strategy our first trial if they got it incorrect we would say no and then we would reintroduce we'd say no remove the material Look Away briefly and then reintroduce in the second trial if they got it wrong again we would follow that same procedure where we would say no we'd remove our material look away and then the third trial we would prompt so we got no first trial no second trial on the third trial we start prompting and remember that prompt goes in between the SD and the response a distractor trial so after Mass practice after they've shown some sort of proficiency start mixing in other alternative trials within those math practice trials maintenance targets ett is pretty good for maintenance if they Master a skill you want to occasionally go back and reintroduce that Target so let's say they Master a Target in August maybe when you're running discrete trial in September you occasionally take one of those August Master targets and just present it and see if it's maintaining and then transfer trials transfer trials are important if you're going to use prompting a transfer trial just means you're running trials pretty much the same you're just using less of a prompt so you're transferring control from the prompt to the actual SD so transfer trials are very important for fading out those prompts other things to remember about dtt dtt is not naturalistic or incidental screen trial training is controlled is very contrived it's not great for generalization because it's so controlled right don't confuse it with naturalistic or incidental teaching because it isn't you want to reinforce wisely in dtt since it's happening very rapidly okay there's a potential to use a lot of reinforcement a lot of the same reinforcement very quickly you can satiate okay you want to avoid those things we have to have some plan in place where we're going to fade reinforcement we're going to alter reinforcement use token economies right there's a reason token economies are so synonymous with dtt because they're so effective in this type of training if you're going to get feedback be specific so if your target behavior is answering the question instead of saying good job say good job answering question you want to label exactly what the feedback is being given for even if the kid or the learner doesn't have language doesn't communicate you want to use as much communication and language as possible you want to be as specific as possible and then when giving corrective feedback always use a neutral tone a big mistake new rbts make is their corrective feedback can be very harsh if you're going to give corrective feedback just do it very neutral okay no that's not it let's try this instead and then reintroduce okay that way you can match your tone to the consequence so when you're very neutral they'll know well okay maybe that wasn't right when they get it right then we're excited then we're upbeat so discrete trial of training very straightforward super simple you're just repeatedly presenting SDS or instructions followed by plan consequences and feedback screenshot training is typically thought of as three picture cards in a field right you're saying what's your name they tell you your name you deliver feedback it's a very controlled way of teaching but it's effective okay it's not effective for generalization and we don't want to use discrete trial training forever but it is a good way to teach initially it's easy to learn we don't want to over complicate it awesome thank you for watching very straightforward lesson don't over complicate this that is let's learn ABA discrete trial training if you're looking for RBT materials check out btexamerview.com if you're looking for bcba materials check out behavioranalyststudy.com as always we are ABA exam review like subscribe let us know when you pass so we can include you in our Sunday shout out work hard study hard see you soon