Differences Between Teaching Approaches, Methods, Strategies, and Techniques

Introduction

• Today's discussion focuses on the differences and similarities between teaching approaches, methods, strategies, and techniques.
• Many educators confuse these terms and use them interchangeably, but understanding their distinctions is crucial in the teaching profession.

Teaching Approach

• Definition: A teaching approach refers to a set of correlated viewpoints regarding the nature of teaching and learning, serving as a guiding principle in the classroom.
• Characteristics:
  • It reflects one's beliefs and perceptions about teaching.
  • Influences classroom activities, strategies, and techniques.
• Example: If a teacher believes in learner-centered teaching, activities will prioritize student engagement and participation.

Approaches in the K-12 Curriculum

1. Learner-Centered: Focus on the learner's needs, styles, and interests.
2. Inclusive: Ensures no student is excluded from learning opportunities.
3. Developmentally Appropriate: Activities should align with students' developmental levels, challenging yet achievable.
4. Responsive and Relevant: Connects lessons to real-life experiences and student interests.
5. Research-Based: Integrates recent research findings into lessons for engagement and credibility.
6. Culture Sensitive: Respects and addresses cultural diversity in the classroom.
7. Constructivist: Builds on students' prior knowledge and experiences.
8. MTB-MLE Based: Uses the mother tongue as a medium of instruction for early learners.

Teaching Method

• Definition: A teaching method is a series of related and progressive acts performed by teachers and students to achieve desired outcomes.
• Characteristics: Well-planned step-by-step procedures directed towards achieving learning objectives.

Types of Methods

1. Deductive Method: Starts with general principles and leads to specific examples.
2. Inductive Method: Begins with specific details and ends with general principles.
3. Demonstration Method: Teacher shows how to perform a task, followed by student practice.
4. Inquiry/Problem-Solving Method: Engages students in critical thinking and analysis.
5. Discovery/Investigatory Method: Students explore and find outcomes through guided exploration.
6. Self-Pacing: Students learn at their own pace without direct supervision.
7. Integrated Method: Connects subjects or topics across different areas or real-life experiences.

Teaching Strategy

• Definition: A strategy is a set of decisions regarding learning activities employed to achieve learning objectives.
• Characteristics: Focuses on the activities students will engage in to meet learning goals.

Examples of Strategies

• Think-Pair-Share: Collaborative brainstorming in pairs, followed by sharing with the larger group.
• Role Play: Students act out scenarios to demonstrate understanding.
• Simulation: Imitating real-life scenarios in a controlled environment.
• Debate: Engaging in arguments to explore different viewpoints.
• Metacognitive Strategies: Encouraging self-awareness and control over one’s learning process.
• Brainstorming: Generating ideas collectively without judgment.

Teaching Technique

• Definition: A technique is the personal art and style of the teacher in applying teaching methods.
• Characteristics: Unique to each teacher, reflecting their individual style and approach to teaching.
• Importance: Techniques cannot be perfectly replicated by others, making each teacher distinct.

Conclusion

• Understanding the differences between approaches, methods, strategies, and techniques is essential for effective teaching and collaboration in the educational field.