welcome to minity maths this video will explain the four transformations to transform the shape means to change its size or position there are four different ways we can transform a shape, translation, rotation, reflection, and enlargement let's look at translation translation changes the shape's position the shape can be translated left right up or down we measure these movements in units let's look at an example we need to describe how shape 'a' translated to shape 'b' the description must include two details the change in position horizontally and the change vertically pick any vertex of the shape and use this to count how many units the shape has moved horizontally and vertically we can also use vectors to describe translations rotation also changes the shape's position to describe rotation we must provide three details the angle of rotation the direction and finally the center of rotation you may find tracing paper helps with finding the point that the shape has been rotated around reflection changes the shape's position reflection of a shape can be described using only one detail the equation of the line of reflection it can help to think of this line as a mirror each vertex of the new shape will be an equal distance from the mirror line as each vertex of the original shape finally enlargement changes the shape size to describe an enlargement we need two details the scale factor and the center of enlargement we can find the scale factor by measuring the length of one side of both the new and old shapes we can then divide the new length by the old length to find the center of enlargement draw lines from the corresponding vertices of the new shape and old shape extending them until they cross the point at which they cross is the centre of enlargement have a go at these practice questions and pause the video while you figure them out thanks for watching subscribe for more maths videos