Understanding Race Car Dynamics and Handling

Aug 24, 2024

Lecture on Vehicle Dynamics and Handling

Introduction

  • Importance of tyres, vehicle dynamics, and handling in race car performance.
  • Discussion with Blake from University of Canterbury Motorsport at Highlands Motorsport Park.

Designing a Race Car

Initial Considerations

  • Start with extremities: track, wheelbase, tyre positioning, center of gravity.
  • Consider track type: tight corners and high lateral acceleration for Formula Student competitions.
  • Focus on roll centers, stiffness (roll/spring), and geometries (camber, caster, king pin inclination).
  • Collaboration between chassis and powertrain teams.

Experience and Knowledge Transfer

  • Building on previous years' experiences is crucial.
  • Learning from past successes and mistakes.

Suspension Layout

  • Use of double A-arm geometry for reliability and freedom in Formula Student.
  • Considerations for 4WD electric vehicles: motor mount interferences and clearances.
  • Importance of optimizing component placements.

Damper Systems

  • Comparison between Ohlins spring shocks and air shocks.
  • Air shocks for weight reduction and adjustability (high/low speed compression and rebound).
  • Use of mountain bike shocks adapted for 4WD electric vehicles.

Instrumentation and Data Logging

  • Use of linear potentiometers to record travel and loads.
  • Electrically controlled brakes and accelerators with GPS, 6-axis gimble for data interpretation.
  • Involvement of software engineers for real-time data analysis and validation.

Simulation and Validation

  • Importance of simulation in the university setting: Ansys, MATLAB, Solidworks.
  • Emphasis on validation in design using dynamic models (Adams Car software).
  • Role of computer models in suspension geometry validation and aero testing.

Tyres and Their Role

  • Critical role of tyres in car performance.
  • Considerations for tyre selection: size, width, compound, brand, and their effect on dynamics.
  • Use of tyre data consortium for simulation and modelling of tyre behavior.

Torque Vectoring

  • Strategy for 4WD vehicles to optimize vertical force on tyres.
  • Adjusting torque based on load distribution to prevent tyre slip and wear.
  • Development of models for torque vectoring based on steering wheel angle and other factors.

Driver Feedback

  • Importance of driver familiarity with torque vectoring to enhance performance.
  • Iterative feedback process to refine torque vectoring strategies.

Conclusion

  • Summary of the discussion on vehicle dynamics.
  • Encouragement to subscribe for more content and information on upcoming live lessons.

Note: The lecture emphasized the integration of theory and practical applications in vehicle dynamics for enhancing race car performance.