Antacids: Overview and Usage

Purpose and Function

• Neutralize Gastric Acid
  • Reduces gastric irritation
  • Relieves heartburn symptoms
• Enhance Mucosal Protection
  • Do not coat existing ulcers

Clinical Uses

• Conditions Treated
  • Peptic Ulcer Disease
  • Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

Administration Guidelines

• Timing
  • Take 1 to 3 hours after meals and at bedtime
  • When symptomatic
• Interaction with Other Medications
  • Take 1 hour apart from other medications to prevent interference
• Forms Available
  • Chewable tablets: Must be chewed thoroughly, followed by water or milk
  • Liquid: Should be shaken before taking

Active Ingredients and Side Effects

• Aluminum Hydroxide
  • Reduces phosphate absorption (can lead to hypophosphatemia)
  • High sodium content (use with caution in hypertension/heart failure)
  • Common side effect: Constipation
• Calcium Carbonate (e.g., Tums)
  • Can cause constipation, belching, flatulence
• Magnesium Hydroxide (e.g., Milk of Magnesia)
  • Acts as a laxative (can cause diarrhea)
  • Contraindicated in intestinal obstruction, renal impairment (magnesium accumulation)