General Chemistry 1: Chemical Formula of Common Chemical Substances

Jul 30, 2024

General Chemistry 1: Chemical Formula of Common Chemical Substances

Introduction

  • Discussion on chemical formulas of common substances.
  • Understanding components: elements and their combinations.

What is a Chemical?

  • Definition: A chemical is a compound or substance.
  • Chemical Formula: Symbolic expression of a compound/substance.

Example: Carbon Dioxide (CO₂)

  • Elements Involved: Carbon (C) and Oxygen (O).
  • Interpretation:
    • C: 1 Carbon atom (subscript not shown implies one atom).
    • O₂: 2 Oxygen atoms (subscript 2 indicates two atoms).
  • Chemical name: Carbon Dioxide
    • Shorthand that expresses types & number of atoms.

Chemical Symbols and Subscripts

  • Chemical Symbol: Represents the name of an element.
    • Carbon: C, Oxygen: O.
  • Subscript: Small number at the lower right corner indicating the number of atoms.

Common Household Chemical Substances

  1. Table Salt

    • Common Name: Asin
    • Chemical Compound: Sodium Chloride
    • Chemical Formula: NaCl
    • Uses: Condiment, food preservative.

  2. Baking Soda

    • Common Name: Sodium Bicarbonate
    • Chemical Formula: NaHCO₃
    • Uses: Ingredient in baking.

  3. Lye/Caustic Soda

    • Chemical Compound: Sodium Hydroxide
    • Uses: Manufacturing of paper, soap, detergents.

  4. Muriatic Acid

    • Common Name: Hydrochloric Acid
    • Chemical Formula: HCl
    • Uses: Cleaning agent.

  5. Ammonia

    • Common Name: Ammonium Hydroxide
    • Chemical Formula: NH₄OH
    • Uses: Fertilizer, explosives.

Analyzing Consumer Products

  • Example: Bath Soap
    • Purpose: Personal cleaning.
    • Key Questions: What substances are needed?
  • Key Components:
    1. Glycerin
      • Atoms: C₃H₈O₃
      • Purpose: Moisturizer.
    2. Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)
      • Main ingredient.
    3. Titanium Dioxide (TiO₂)
      • Atoms: Ti, O₂ (Oxygen has 2 atoms).
      • Purpose: Opaque appearance.
    4. Triclosan
      • Antibacterial ingredient.

Vocabulary Words

  • Cost: Price of product.
  • Consumer product: Final goods purchased for personal use.

Science, Technology, and Society (STS)

  • Interconnectedness: Knowledge in science leads to production of consumer products.
  • Problem-solving: Products like bath soap address societal issues such as skin infection and poor hygiene.

Conclusion

  • Summary of the importance of chemical formulas and their applications in daily products.
  • Thank you for participating in today’s lesson!