Anatomy of the Tibia and Fibula

Overview

• The tibia and fibula are the two long bones in the lower leg.
• Tibia: Located medially ("tibs in").
• Fibula: Located laterally ("fibs out").

Tibia

• Proximal Epiphysis:
  • Intercondylar Eminence: Structure protruding at the proximal end.
  • Condyles:
    • Lateral Condyle: Articulating surface on the lateral side.
    • Medial Condyle: Articulating surface on the medial side.
• Tibial Tuberosity:
  • Located below the condyles on the anterior side.
• Anterior Border or Crest:
  • Sharp edge running down the front of the tibia.
• Medial Malleolus:
  • Large projection on the medial distal end.
• Tibiofibular Attachments:
  • Distal Tibiofibular Joint: Where the fibula attaches at the distal tibia.
  • Proximal Tibiofibular Joint: Where the head of the fibula attaches at the proximal end.

Fibula

• Head of the Fibula:
  • Chunky proximal end of the fibula.
• Lateral Malleolus:
  • Distal end, characterized by a flat surface.

Joints

• Proximal Tibiofibular Joint: Attachment site for the head of the fibula.
• Distal Tibiofibular Joint: Attachment site for the distal end of the fibula.

Key Points

• Tibia is thicker and carries more weight.
• Fibula is thinner and provides lateral stability.
• Important landmarks (e.g., condyles, malleoli) serve as attachment points for muscles and ligaments.