introduction to coasts part of the an excel GCSE 91 job Rafik course so the keywords and stuff that I'm going to be looking at here a constructive wave destructive waves fetch swatch backwash longshore drift concordant coastline discordant coastlines Bay Cove beaches deposition clips and erosion waves waves are one of the most powerful influences on the shape of the UK's coastline winds are quite waves of caused by wind blowing over the surface of the sea so what can affect a wave strength how long the winds been blowing strength the wind resistance the wave has been traveling so this is called the fetch when a wave goes up the beach it's called swash when it goes back down the beach is called backwash destructive ways stretch for waves usually made storm light conditions distributive waves are usually larger more powerful with lots of energy they created when the wind is powerful has been blown for a long time and the wave has a long fetch these are what I'll Rhodes the coastline as they have a stronger backwash and swash as they take away this element they have a high and steep shape the short length so as you see here high steep shape okay short length okay so it's a large height compared to the length okay and it's got a strong backwash plink what they've over air rode it away back out to sea constructive waves that created a milder weather and they have less energy than the destructive waves they break on the shore depositing their load as you move higher at the beach the rocks and sediment will be higher I'll be larger never swap this because there's a they have a stronger swash okay so they're gonna have less power Hey so the they're gonna have the strongest wash that to be able to bring the settlement up the beach it's not gonna be able to pull it back okay so have a stronger swash and backwash never shorts shape but a long length so you can see here long length but short height okay and it's very smooth it's almost flat okay longshore drift okay so a directional longshore drift so yeah so they could ask you to draw this diagram and need some okay so you gotta make sure you annotate it well sure and see I usually use solid arrow for the swash the dotted arrow for the backwash okay so the swash comes at the beach an angle and then the backwash comes straight back out swash and backwash okay got the direction of prevailing wind okay which is the same direction as the swash is occurring okay I need the directional onshore wind so this is how Sullivan's gonna travel along the beach gonna get pushed that way and it's gonna pull out the sediments gonna move along the beach like so okay it's gonna move along the shoreline you're gonna make sure you draw it going over the Cisco and shoreline usually on the marked scheme it doesn't allow you the mark if you've just drawn it in the sea you've just drawn it in the shore gonna make sure you have all of these different elements to make sure you get the full marks usually they're quite easy questions that people forget to do it over the shoreline to forget the direction at the wind they get the direction of longshore Dre coves and concordant coastlines okay so a concordant coastline occurs with layers of different types of rocks when parallel to the coastline you can see that here it's running parallel to the coastline you've got layers of different types of rock okay the harder rock nearest the coast acts as a protective barrier to the softer rock just further inland okay so you've got a hard rock softer Rock and the harder again so it acts as a barrier to stop the less resistant rock and being eroded okay coves form along concordant coastline okay so that's what's called at forms on here and they're formed when hard rock layer is breached creating a small joint which you can see here then this joint becomes larger and larger it's targeted by erosion caption okay three strong weathering even okay over times joints made large enough to reach softer Rock just hear the last as if to rock okay its eroded I'm much easier through at hydraulic action abrasion and solution okay and then this all our roads all the way back so hard rock cleaning and then it's gonna Road all the way back here as you can see here it's just a bowling even more okay all the way back to this more resistant what grade doesn't have the energy to road this year so I'm really in sideways and this is what I Cove is okay so it's creating a Cove so a named example is well worth code and Dorset headlands bays and discordant coastlines okay so discordant coastline is where bands of different types of rock perpendicular to the coast okay so rather than it being next to the coast like that like it is on a concordant cosine it's really next to it like that that's what discordant coastline is so this arrangement of rock it's where headlands and bays can come from headlands formed as the harder rock is eroded less okay so this it's harder it's not gonna be eroded as easily so the abrasions gonna tackle softer rock more okay so the bays are formed when the air softer rock is voted through rapid hydraulic action solution and abrasion erosion eroded further back than the harder rock okay head bands are formed the hollyrock less eroded a less so it's left sticking out okay so the softer rock is gonna be eroded further you know the harder rocks left sticking out so you can see here so you've got the bay here okay so the soft rocks being eroded away and it's gonna load it much further back and the harder aqua just barely been touched and that's left as a headland here okay a headlands more vulnerable to erosion now so as the ways energy is concentrated here okay so this now it's going to be eroded faster now but what if this goes back here it's gonna form another bay it's a softer actually eroded okay formation of a clique cliffs are found all along the British coastline they're formed through erosion and weathering soft rock is eroded easily which creates gentle sloping cliffs okay so it's going to go down gently high the rock it's more resistant and a road slowly to create Steve clamps that's what's happened here this is obviously hard rock as the cliff is very steep formation of a beach beaches of deposition alarm forms there are many tapes of different types of beaches but the main types of sand pebble shingle mud beaches are made of a Roady material that's transported and then deposited by the sea by constructive waves okay constructive waves or what spilled the beach okay and the cross section at the beach is called the profile sandy beaches have a gentle sloping profile as shingle and pebble beaches have a steeper profile further up the beach this element is larger whereas further down the beach the sediment is smaller okay and you gotta remember the transportation of this sediment is the longshore drift so it's being taken by lunch or drift being left by the constructive waves okay in the LA and sediments larger at the top because the constructive waves don't have the energy to take it back as they can take the smaller sediment back but only so far okay