Lecture Notes on Hip Joint

Introduction

• The hip joint is the most stable joint in our body.
• It is also known as the femoroacetabular joint.
• It is formed by the head of the femur and the acetabular structure of the pelvis.

Features of the Hip Joint

• It is a joint of the diarthrodial variety.
• It is a ball and socket type joint.
• Provides three degrees of freedom.

Articular Surface

• The acetabulum is a socket-type concave structure.
• It is formed by the union of the ilium, ischium, and pubis.
• Complete ossification occurs at the age of 22-25 years.

Lunate Surface

• Located on the periphery of the acetabulum.
• Important for articulation.

Acetabular Notch

• Space between the inferior ends of the lunate surface.
• The transverse acetabular ligament covers it.

Acetabular Fossa

• The deepest portion that does not participate in articulation.

Orientation and Center Edge Angle

• The acetabulum is oriented 50 degrees inferiorly and 20 degrees anteriorly.
• The center edge angle indicates the depth of the acetabulum.
• Usually, it is 25 degrees.
• A lower angle indicates acetabular dysplasia and a higher angle indicates pincer impingement.

Head of the Femur

• Covered with hyaline cartilage.
• There is no cartilage on the fovea capitis.
• The ligamentum teres attaches here.

Conclusion

• Other angles and structures will be covered in the upcoming video.
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