good day everyone I'm engineer Joseph Ray Garcia and today I'll be presenting the first half of implementing rules and regulations of the National Building Code of the Philippines or also known as the PD 1096 presidential decree 1096 sets rules for building safety since 1977 it is a law that answers the demand for urbanization it aims to ensure the developers will follow the implementation of the latest technical knowledge on building design construction occupancy maintenance and use and as time passed we needed to update the rules due to technological advancements urbanization and changes in laws now the updated Rules match the original ones making things clearer and uh more relevant for today and malal National Building Code of the Philippines 6541 it was actually the original Law governing the construction of buildings in the Philippines but uh it was later repealed by PD 1096 which updated and expanded the regulations and standards for building construction so in other words p96 supersedes ra 6541 okay let's have a quick look at the history of the National Building Code of the Philippines before the enactment or act 6541 in uh 1972 there was actually no comprehensive National Building code in the Philippines instead local ordinances local regulations and guidelines for building construction and uh safety practices cities and municipalities across the country and these local regulations often varied significantly in scope and enforcement leading to inconsistencies and gaps in building standards and the absence of a unified National building code prior to 1972 highlighted the need for standardized regulations at the national level to ensure the safety Health and Welfare of the public in the built environment so Republic act 6541 or an act to ordain and Institute a National Building Code in the Philippines which was enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress assembled on 26th of August 1972 it addressed the need of establishing a comprehensive set of regulations governing building design construction occupancy and maintenance throughout the country and 5 years later presidential decree or PD 1096 entitled as adopting a National Building Code of the Philippines thereby uh revising Republic act number 6541 or also known as the National Building Code of the Philippines and it was signed on February 19 1977 and uh there are several reasons why PD 1096 was deemed necessary so is the updates and amendments R 6541 was enacted in 1972 and by the time PD 1096 was uh issued in 1977 so 5 years there may have been a need to update and amend certain Provisions to the uh original Law to address emerging challenges technological advancements and changes in building practices then p is flexibility and adaptability because uh in presidential decrease uh such such as PD 1096 it can be more uh flexible and adaptable in responding to Urgent or evolving uh issues compared to the uh legislative process required for amending or enacting laws through Congress then a third is the executive Authority so the president through executive orders and decrees has the authority to issue regulations and policies to address pressing concerns or national priorities so PD 1096 may have been may have been seen as a more efficient way to implement uh necessary changes to building regulations and lastly uh it is for consolidation and streamlining PD 1096 may have aimed to consolidate and streamline various regulations and standards related to building construction occupancy and maintenance uh ensuring a more unified and detailed set of rules and regulations for how the National Building Code would be put into action and enforced so afternoon nearly 30 years later so form IR or implementing rules and regulations of PD uh PD 1096 otherwise known as the National Building Code of the Philippines now relase DPW so uh this revised irr includes additional Provisions so that each uh of the chapters of PD 10 1096 now has its uh corresponding rules and regulations so for the purpose of clarity continuity and homogeneity the rules and regulations are rearranged following the same sequence and numbering as those of the chapters and sections of the code and so [Music] 2005 and the need to update and amplify various provisions of the existing irr has become imperative to be uh realistic and relevant in the present times since nearly two decades last revision and uh both legislators and Industry experts believe that uh the current building code is out ofd and obsolete this is despite the fact that both houses of the legislative uh Branch are interested in amending the code to bring it up to date with current technology infrastructure and Building Technology at the moment I have gathered three legislative bills that have been introduced they all aim to strengthen the building codes implementation but take distinct approaches so let's start with house bill number 5607 introduce used by Congressman Alfred Vargas and it was filed last May 10 2017 entitled an act strengthening presidential decree number 1096 the National Building Code of the Philippines as amended by mandating a comprehensive n uh Nationwide inspection of buildings and imposing stiff penalties against building officials who violate the pertinent provisions of the said code and then there's a bill number 2087 introduced by uh Grace Po and it was filed last November 13 2018 entitled an act to ordain the new building code of the Philippines and lastly Senate bill number 1239 introduced by Senator ping Laxon and it was filed last December 17 2019 and entitled an act establishing the Philippine building Act of 2019 thereby repealing presidential decree number 1096 and for other purposes we can now start with chapter one or the general Provisions this chapter sets the stage for the entire code outlining the objectives definitions and scope of regulations so on Section uh 101 title that is self-explanatory code so let's proceed to Section 102 Declaration of policy in the section it stated that the government's main goal is to protect people's lives Health property and of course you public well-being they want to do this while also considering the importance of Environmental Management the code sets out basic standards and rules for buildings and structures and uh these rules cover everything from where they are built how they are designed construction next on section 103 scope and application this section outlines the scope and application of the code so it applies to both public and private buildings and structures covering everything from from design and construction to maintenance and demolition however in every rule there is an exception and it exempts traditional indigenous family dwellings this is to ensures that safety standards are upheld while respecting cultural diversity and existing structures okay for Section 104 General Building requirements it's highlighted that all buildings and structures including any additional facilities must be built with safety in mind and should serve their intended purpose well and for buildings used for manufacturing or S production Environmental Protections are necessary and later on it stresses the importance of maintaining uh buildings and facilities in safe clean and fun conditions at all times so the key here is Preservation so let's proceed with Section 105 uh of the National Building Code or you site requirements it emphasizes that uh any land or site for building construction must meet basic safety and health standards if if the site is meant for living it should be safe distance away from polluted area or a water source volcanic areas or potential fire hazards so in other words free from any hazards that and uh of course you section 106 uh definitions words so let's dive into the second chapter Administration and enforcement so this chapter basically outlines who's in charge of making sure the building code is followed and what happens if it's not it talks about the responsibilities of building officials inspectors and other authorities involved in overseeing con uh construction projects so par rule book for keeping everyone accountable and ensuring that buildings are safe and up to standard so next is section 2011 of the National Building Code it puts the responsibility for making sure the rules are followed on the Secretary of Public Works transportation and Communications so person in charge enforce rules and he can penalize those who don't follow them but now def Department Department of Public Works and highways or DPW and for Section 202 technical St who are professionals composed of Highly qualified Architects engineers and technicians who possess Diversified and professional experience in the field of building design and construction and in section 203 in this section it outlines the powers and duties of the secretary under the code they include uh first is you developing poit policies and guidelines for building design construction and maintenance second is uh creating rules and regulations to enforce the code and ensure compliance with the policies third one is assessing and approving uh changes to existing referral codes and adding new ones lastly is uh determining the fees and uh charges for regulatory functions collected by building officials next in section 204 uh in order to enforce the code SH they will provide professional Technical and scientific services including Testing Laboratories and the secretary can also seek assistance from other government agencies and compensate them accordingly and section 205 building officials no so it in charge for implementing the code and uh the secretary can appoint uh current District Engineers City Engineers or Municipal Engineers no to act as building officials in their areas and uh these appointments last until permanent building official positions are established or terminated according to the law the section 206 outlines the qualifications needed to become a building official so you must be a Filipino Citizen and have a good moral character then second must be a registered architect or civil engineer and third one uh member recognized Professional Organization for at least two years lastly uh minimum of five years of professional experience in building design and uh construction and for Section 207 duties building official first one enforcing the code and its rules within their jurisdiction then issuing uh building permits third one is conducting inspections of buildings so uh to ensure compliance with the code and permit conditions and then uh they can issue uh stop work order that violates the code and setting conditions for its resumption then lastly uh ordering the cessation of occupancy or use of any building found to violate the code next these sections cover fees exemptions related to building permits so in section 208 fees uh or fees management building officials must keep records of fees collected with 20% retained for official uh expenses or office expenses and the remaining remaining 80% shall be deposited into the city or Municipal treasury then for section 209 exemptions uh public buildings and traditional indigenous family dwellings are exempt from building permit fees and the tra traditional indigenous family dwellings are defined as owner occupied dwellings made of native materials or gaasa bamboo NEPA logs or Lumber costing less than 50,000 pesos and uh for section two 210 use uh of income from fees so the secretary can decide how to use up to 20% of the fee income from for office expenses including equipment supplies travel and uh pass obligations following budgetary and auditing roles and uh this sections 21 to2 through3 it deals with rules fines and penalties regarding the code so section 211 implementing rules and regulations the secretary will create necessary rules regulations and standards for buildings and structures which take effect after being published in the newspaper for 3 weeks then for Section 212 administrative fines the the secretary can impose fines up to 10,000 pesos for violations of the code or its regulation and then for section 213 penal Provisions it's illegal to violate any provision of the code so you offenders when upon conviction face fines up to 20,000 pesos and also imprisonment up to 2 years or both so for corporations the penalty applies to responsible officials and uh for aliens deportation no and it follows payment or fines or serving sentences okay uh these are the last sections for uh for this chapter and addresses dangerous buildings and their resolution so for Section 214 dangerous and ruinous buildings or structures uh or simply identif ification of dangerous buildings so dangerous buildings are those structur structurally unsafe lacking safe exits posing fire hazards or endangering human life safety or health due to neglect obsolesence or other factors then for Section 215 abatement of uh dangerous buildings uh building officials can order repairs evacuation or demolition of dangerous buildings based on the level of risk they pose additional legal actions may also be uh be taken under the civil code of the Philippines and then for Section 216 other remedies so the remedies outlined in the National Building Code are supplementary to to any other legal actions available under existing loss so uh let's proceed to chapter 3 which focuses on permits and inspection processes related to building construction and maintenance so let's begin with the sections uh 301 and 302 which outline the requirements for obtaining building permits so s section 301 building permit require uh building permits uh it says that no building construction alteration or demolition can occur without first uh obtaining a permit from the building official in charge of the area so perm and then section 302 application for permits applicants must submit a written application on the designated form providing details such as work description property title or certified to copy of the TCT then uh use of occupancy and lastly estimated cost and uh they must include five sets of plans and specifications signed and sealed by registered Engineers unless Exempted by the building of official for sections 303 and 304 outline the building permit processing and issuance so for processing of building permits uh the building official and their qualified staff oversee the processing of building permit meets ensuring that applicants meet zoning structural safety and other requirements specified in the code and then for issuance of building permits once sa satisfied with the application and accompanying plans and upon payment of required fees the building official issues the building permit within 15 days so if plans do not cover the entire building permits may be issued for partial construction so any changes to approve plans must be approved by the building official for sections 305 and 306 it address the validity and potential revocation of building permits so for validity of building permits uh issuance of a building permit does not authorize disregarding the code's provision so if approved plans are later found defective so the building official can require uh Corrections or hold construction violating the code and for expiration n man permits expire after one year if construction doesn't start or if suspended or abandoned for 120 days and for non-insurance suspension or revocation of building permits uh the building uh official can refuse suspend or revoke permits due to errors in plans inaccurate information or non-compliance with the code or regulations so notices for such actions must be provided in a writing stating the reasons sections 307 and 308 address appeals and inspection requirements so for appeal applicants can appeal non Insurance suspension or revocation of permits to the secretary within 15 days from the date of receipt of advice so uh the secretary uh who shall render his decision shall be final but it can be reviewed by the Office of the President then for Section 308 inspection and supervision of work building owners must hire a uh licensed architect or civil engineer for full-time inspection and supervision of construction work this person can be different from from the one who designed the building or and a log book must be maintained at the at the job site this us to record construction Pro uh progress test conducted weather uh weather conditions and other relevant data and the complt the supervising architect or engineer submits the log book and a certified I mean a certificate of completion confirming compliance with the code and approv plans to the building official and according to the last section of chapter 3 which is 309 uh before any building or structure can be used or occupied or if there's a change in use it must receive a certificate of occupancy from the building official and uh the certificate confirms that the the building meets all the requirements of the code once the final inspection is done and the certificate of completion is submitted the building official has 30 days to issue the certificate of occupancy the certificate must be visibly displayed on the premises and can only be removed by the building official and if there are any issues with the certificate of occupancy the procedures for non Insurance suspension or revocation are governed by sections 306 and 307 of the code discuss and it's a crucial step to ensure safety and compliance in our buildings okay let's now discuss the different types of construction as outline in section 401 of the National Building Code so for type 1 building uh these are primarily made of wood but other materials are allowed for structural elements and then for type two uh type two buildings these are also made of wood but they have uh added fire resistant materials and uh 1 hour fire resistive throughout soly fire resistant coating and then while uh uh type three buildings combination of Masonry and wood with 1 hour fire resistance throughout and fire resistive exterior walls meaning the exteriors the exterior must be made of masonry in constructing the building due to its incombustibility and then next uh type four buildings that are constructed from steel iron concrete or masonry with incombustible fire resistive materials used for walls ceilings and partitions and uh there's an exception and that is uh a certain interior partition that don't bear structural load can use wood that has been treated to resist fire for up to 1 hour and then finally type five buildings that are entirely fire resistive and with structural elements made of steel iron concrete or masonry and incombustible materials used for walls ceilings and partition and in these sections uh it's all about ensuring that buildings are constructed safely and according to certain standards so first let's talk about section 402 or changes in types so uh it says that you cannot just change the type of construction of a building so you cannot just change from type three construction to type for construction without making sure it meets the requirements for that new type and uh this is important because different types of construction have different levels of safety but uh there's an exception no if the building official approves it and it shows that the the new construction is actually safer than the old one now on to section 403 or requirements on type of construction this one is about the standards for each type of construction it's like uh a set of rules for how buildings should be built covering things like the structure walls floors exits and roofs and these standards are set by the secretary to make sure that buildings are strong and safe for everyone chapter five of the National Building Code focuses on fire zones which are specific areas where only certain type of buildings can be constructed based on their use construction type and Fire Resistance so in section 501 it defines fire zones as these designated areas and in section 502 states that if a building is partly in one fire zone and partly in another it has to follow the stricter rules of the more restrictive Zone if more than 1/3 of its total for area is in that zone so whichever Zone has the most stringent regulations applies to the whole building so if it occupies more than onethird of its space so let's say we have a building that straddles two fire zones Zone a and Zone B so you Zone a has less strict regulations no while Zone B has more stringent rules soct so if more than oneir of the building uh total floor area Falls within Zone B then the entire building must comply with the regulations of Zone B so building Z so in section 503 emphasizes that any building move into a fire zone must comply with all requirements of that zone lastly Section 504 deals with temporary structures like reviewing stands sheds canopies and fences can be set up in fire zones but only with special permit from the building official and these structures must meet the safety standards outline in the building code they are allowed for a limited time and must be taken down completely once the permit expires section we're discussing rules regarding center lines of Street and restrictions on existing buildings particularly in fire zones no then section 505 uh when it comes to Center Line of streets they they are considered like property lines for this chapter and the distances are measured perpendicular to the street or alley then for Section 506 for existing buildings in fire zones that don't meet the standards for new buildings in those areas there are some limitations these buildings cannot be enlarged altered remodeled repaired or moved unless certain conditions are met and these rules aim to ensure safety and compliance with building standards especially in are areas prone to fire hazards and uh the first condition is the building is completely demolished and then uh it's moved outside the the more restrictive Zone to a Zone where it meets the minimum standards and uh third one is changes alterations and repairs can be made but the total value of the work in a year cannot exceed 20% of the existing building's value so restrictions and the building official has to agree that your changes won't make the building more likely to increase its fire hazard and uh uh fourth is additions must be separated from the existing buildings by firewalls no lastly repairs due to fire earthquakes typhoons or other unforeseen events are allowed using the original materials so as long as the repair costs uh don't exit uh 20% of the building's replacement cost in the last section of this chapter section 507 it explained that the secretary will make clear rules for different fire zones these zones will be decided based on plans made by local city or Municipal bodies considering factors like the layout and the characteristics of the area chapter six of the National Building Code which focuses on fire resistive requirements in construction this ures that buildings are equipped with materials and features to withstand fire so let's break it down fire resistive rating or section 601 this is a measure of how well a material can withstand fire determined through standardized testing methods and then fire resistive time period rating or section 602 this refers to the duration material can endure being burned so usually measure to by by hours no then uh fire resistive standards or section 603 or construction materials must be classified based on their ability to resist fire determined by accepted testing methods or by the secretary and then fire resistive regulations or section 604 the SEC secretary is responsible for setting standards and regulations regarding various aspects related to fire safety in construction this includes testing procedures for materials installation of fire doors and windows protection of structural elements and More in chapter 7 we dive into the classification and general requirements for buildings based on their use of occupancy so here's a simplified breakdown so for group a uh this includes residential dwellings Like Houses then in group b uh these are places where multiple people live such as apartments hotels or boarding houses and accommodating more than 10 persons and then for Group C buildings used for education or recreational uh purposes like schools or dayc carees then for Group D institutional buildings so it and can be categorized into divisions the division one includes places like Mental Hospitals or prisons where mental Liberties are restrained then division two nurseries hospitals or nursing homes with nonambulatory patients accommodating more than five person and then the Third division nursing homes for ambulatory patients or home for uh for children then each uh accommodating more than five persons so however buildings used solely for private or family dwelling purposes are not included in group D and for group E covers business and mercanti establishments it includes places like gasoline stations storage garages retail stores offices restaurants printing plants and factories it also includes aircraft hangers and open parking garages where no repair work involving Flames or highly flammable liquids is done and then for group uh F is for industrial buildings this includes facilities like ice plants power plants uh cold storage fac uh factories using non-explosive materials and storage rooms for nonexplosive items and for Group G uh it's for storage and hazardous buildings so this covers places dealing with hazardous materials no like flammable liquids dry cleaning plants paint stores woodworking establishments and warehouses uh storing highly combustible materials and then for Group H these are for assemblies other than group I it includes buildings like assembly halls with a stage and fewer than a th000 people and those without the stage with 300 or more people and those without a stage with fewer than 300 uh people it also covers places like stadiums and amusement park structures not in group I and then for group I these are for assemblies with an occupant load of uh 1,000 or more so event holes stage then for group J now this group is for accessory structures like private garage fences over a certain height powers and tanks uh in section 702 of the National Building Code it states that if you want to change how a building is used you need to make sure it still meets the safety standards for the new use so if the new use is less risky than the than the old one you have to have the approval of the building official and only then you can change it and that is section 702 while while in 703 it talks about mixed occupancy uh buildings where different parts of the building are used for different things so uh generally the strictest uh safety rules apply to the whole building however there are exceptions for one-story buildings and minor uses and occupancy separations whether vertical horizontal or other forms are needed to keep different parts of the building safe safely uh separated and uh we'll discuss the types of occupancy separation in the next section of this chapter and uh there are different types of occupancy separations based on how long they can resist fire then there's uh 1 Hour 2 Hour 3 hour and 4 hour for 1 hour uh 1 hour separation it means that it can win and fire for at least 1 hour and all openings must have fire resistant protection for the same duration for 2hour separation or you 2hour fire resistive occupancy separation uh it can resist fire for for at least 2 hours with protected openings then for 3 hour separation lasts for at least 3 hours walls with openings must not exed uh a certain width or 25% of the length of the wall and no single opening should be too large or area greater than 10 square m and Floors must have vertical enclosures around openings also with protected uh openings then for forour separation it means that it can resist fire for 4 hours and has no openings fire rating for occupancy separation uh so when it comes to separating different parts of a building based on how they are used like offices or residential areas we need to ensure fire safety so the rules say that uh if we're separating these areas it should be with walls that can resist fire for at least an hour so if the separation is horizontal the supporting structurals uh also need to be fire resistant and for Section 704 of the building code it outlines rules for where buildings can be placed on a property and how they should be protected uh from fire so is buildings need to be connected to a public space yard or Street on uh at least one side and then uh second steer walls must have fire resistant uh materials and protection for openings like Windows and any parts of the building that stick out from the wall cannot go beyond a certain distance from the property line perimeter and if the openings in the walls need protection because of their distance from the property line their total area cannot be more than half of the walls area on that level now when we talk about buildings on the same property or those with courts uh we we treat them as if there's a dividing line between them for safety reasons if there's an existing building and a new one is being built on the same property we use the distance from the uh existing building to set the boundary so if multiple buildings are on the same property they can be considered one building if their combined size fits within the rules for a single building and however the the most restrictive rules apply to all of them and uh when it comes to how much space a building can take up or section 705 the allowable floor area there are limits set by the secretary based on what the building will be used for and how it it is constructed if a building has walls that separate parts of it those parts can be considered separate buildings if the walls meet certain standards and for Section 706 uh the allowable floor area can can be increased if the building is surrounded by public spaces or streets on multiple sides so uh and uh but this needs approval also no from the building official Let's uh delve into section 707 and 708 of the National Building Code of the Philippines section 707 or the maximum height of buildings so it talks about how the maximum height and number of floors of a building are determined by factors like occupancy type constuction type population density Street withd and parking needs it also mentions rules for measuring height from the ground now on Section 708 focuses on the minimum requirements for group a dwellings so it covers aspects like the location of the dwelling on a lot ensuring adequate light and ventilation as well as sanitation provisions and the strength of the foundation okay for first requirement for post wooden post supporting the house must meet certain size standards and uh be securely anchored and for floor the floor needs to be able to handle a certain amount of weight per square meter and the numbers are here and then for roof roofs need also to withstand a certain amount of wind pressure and for stairs staircases must meet certain weight height and depth standards and four UNG and the exit every home should have at least one way in and one way out for safety and for electrical and mechanical requirements uh electrical and mechanical systems must meet specific codes to ensure safety and functionality this section 709 is all about the requirements for different types of buildings it covers things uh like uh allowable construction height and area um location on property and uh how people can get out safely in case of an emergency and it also looks at things like uh lighting ventilation uh sanitation just to make sure the buildings are safe and uh healthy for everyone plus IT addresses fire safety measures and any special risks that might come with certain types of buildings chapter eight of the National Building Code of the Philippines which focuses on light and ventilation so uh General requirements of light and ventilation for Section 801 buildings must must be designed to provide enough light and ventilation it should face a a street or public alley and cannot be altered in a way that reduces room size or window area and enlarging a building must not be uh or must not compromise required court or yard dimensions and measurement of site occupancy or section 802 the site occupancy is measured at ground level and excludes quartz yards and light Wells and these areas are measured without projections from enclosing walls except for specific exceptions then for percentage of site occupancy or section 803 the minimum site occupancy depends on factors like building use construction type and site characteristics local zoning requirements and regulations set by the secretary further uh govern this in section 804 we cover the size and dimension ions required for different parts of buildings for courts um the minimum size and dimensions depend on factors like use construction type and Building height but all courts must have a minimum horizontal dimension of 2 m and uh inner courts need a connection to a to a street or yard either through a passageway at least 1.2 M or wide or a door through a room and then moving on on Section 805 ceiling Heights habitable rooms with artificial ventilation should have a ceiling at least 2.4 M high and for buildings with more than one story the first story must have a minimum height of 2.7 M and sub I mean the subsequent stories need a clearance of 2 .10 m above the finished floor and rooms with natural ventilation should have ceilings at least 2.7 M high and mezanine Floors need a clear ceiling height of at least 1.8 um meters uh above and below them lastly we discuss the size and dimensions uh of rooms in section 806 and the rooms for human habit itation should be at least 6 square m with a minimum dimension of two um 2 m and then for kitchens it need to be at least uh 3 square m with at least dimension of uh 1.5 M and for bathroom and toilet they should be at least 1.2 square m with at least Dimension of9 m let's dive into key regulations regarding airspace window openings and vent shafts so section 807 uh let's address uh airspace requirements and for school rooms a minimum of 3 cubic M of airspace per person is mandated along with one square meter of floor area per person and for workshops factories and offices uh uh it must be provide or they must provide 12 cubic met of airspace per person and for for Hab habitable rooms it requires four 14 cubic M of airspace per person moving on to section 808 window openings each room not equipped with an artificial ventilation system must have Windows totaling at least 10% of the floor area of the room and these windows must open directly to a courtyard Public public Street or uh allei and uh for or also for Open Water courses now let's discuss section 809 vent shafts ventilation uh shafts must have a horizontal cross-sectional area of at least 10 uh square meter for every for every met of shaft height with a minimum total area of 1 square met and no van shaft can have a uh have its smallest Dimension less than 600 mm and skylights uh covering vent shafts must provide a net uh a net free area equal to the maximum required shaft area and air ducts must open to a street or Court through a horizontal duct or intake with a minimum cross-sectional area of3 square m and the minimum dimension of 300 mm section 810 focuses on ventilation skylights stating that they must have a glass area or or at least as large as the windows they replace they should also have movable sashes or louvers providing an aggregate netfree area equivalent to that of the opening parts of the replaced window or they should uh be equipped with approved artificial ventilation of similar Effectiveness moving on to section 811 artificial ventilation IT addresses the need for artificial ventilation in various types of rooms or spaces industrial uh or heating equipment rooms uh must have artificial ventilation to prevent the buildup of hot or polluted air and uh different occupancy types have uh specific air change requirements for example for office uh or ad administrative retail and Factory spaces above grade must have at least three uh air changes per hour and for areas like kitchens boiler rooms and laundries require higher rates such as 10 per I mean 10 changes per hour and for assembly rooms uh uh need a certain amount of air supply per person as specified and institutional buildings must provide a specific Air Supply per person in ws and dormitories and for rooms not covered explicitly in the section the Philippine mechanical engineering code provides applicable Provisions uh to follow we're now diving into chapter 9 of the National Building Code which focuses on sanitation section 901 underscores the importance of ensuring that all buildings constructed or modified for human habitation prioritize the health and well-being of occupants in neighboring communities this includes provision for cleaning and a safer water supply effective Plumbing Systems wastewater treatment or disposal storm water drainage press control noise reduction and other measures vital for public health moving on to section 902 uh it highlights the requirements for water supply systems in buildings portable water should uh ideally mpal or City Water Works systems meeting national standards for drinking water quality if using meteoric sources or surface waters or lakes reservoirs or groundwater sources such as dwells or aquifers uh regulations outlin in the water code of the Philippines must be adhered to and for private housing subdivisions or industrial states with independent waterwork system compliance with local Water Works laws is essential lastly the insulation of water piping inside buildings must adhere to the National Plumbing code of the Philippines uh regarding Wastewater disposal or say section 903 buildings are required to direct sanitary sewage into the municipal sewage system or utilize septic tanks if such systems are Ava unavailable ailable so Industrial Waste Water must meet specific criteria to protect public health and its environment while for storm drainage system or section 904 it's crucial to prevent rain water from mixing the or mixing with sewage emphasizing the need for separate drainage systems and uh buildings must also ensure adequate drainage to prevent water accumulation and moving on to Pest and vering control section 905 buildings especially those with Hollow or Wood Construction must Implement rot proofing uh measures garbage beans should be designed to prevent pest's entry and dining areas need proper screening to keep insects out next uh in noise pollution control or section 906 industrial establishment are mandated to install noise reduction devices to maintain accept acceptable noise levels as per government regulations lastly in terms of pipe materials section 907 all pipes used in buildings must me must meet the standards specified by the Philippine standard Council chapter 10 focusing on building projections over streets so for Section 101 lays down some general requirements it states that no part of any building or structure including its appendages should extend via the property line except as permitted by the C the distance of the pro I mean of the projection over public property is measured horizontally from the property line to the farthest point moving on to Section 102 it discusses projections into alleys or streets or national I mean or national roads or public highways so generally no part of a structure or its appendage should extend into these areas however there are exceptions outlined in the code for instance footings along national roads or highways May extend up to 300 mm beyond the property line if they are at least uh 2.4 M below grade foundations may also encroach into public side Sidewalk areas but there are some conditions they cannot exceed with a WID of 500 mm and their top should be at least 600 mm uh below established grade moreover such projections should shouldn't obstruct existing utilities like power communication gas line water or sewage lines unless the owner pays for routing them let's proceed with the regulations regarding the projection of balconies arcades and canopies over streets as outlined in sections 103 104 and 105 of the National Building Code of the Philippines so section 103 specifi that any projection over an alley or Street must be uniform within a block and adhere to certain limitations outlined in table 103-a additionally uh there must be a clearance of at least 3 MERS between the lowest part of the balcony and the established grade of the street or sidewalk moving on to section 104 it mandates the construction of arcades on sidewalks or streets I mean uh when when required by existing building and zoning regulations the weed and height of these arcades must be uniform throughout the the street with a minimum height of 3 m above the established sidewalk grade lastly Section 105 covers the construction of canopies or mares which are permanent roof structure projecting over a wall or a sidewalk these must have a horizontal clearance of at least 300 mm from the curb line and a vertical clearance of at least 3 m from the pavement or or ground line mares should be constructed of fire resistant materials provided with drainage facilities and located so as not to interfere with uh the operation of stand pipe connections or building exits let's address movable onings or hoods in section 106 which are retractable shelters supported by a building's exterior wall according to the section uh these structures must have a horizontal clearance of at least 300 mm from the curb line and have a vertical clearance of no less than 2.4 M from the ground and uh collapsible awnings must not obstruct any required exits when folded so moving on to doors uh windows and and uh the like section 107 specifies that those position less than 2.4 m above ground level should not extend beyond the property line when fully open except for fire exit doors lastly for Section 108 Corner buildings or solid fences adjacent to public streets or Alys narrower than 3.6 M must be truncated at the corner as per section 108 the resulting uh triangular face should be perpendicular to the intersection angle of the street lines however if the building features arcades shaffin are not mandatory regardless of Street weed as stated in section 108 we're at the last part of my presentation which is chapter 11 of the National Building Code it focuses on safeguarding pedestrians during construction or demolition activities so for Section 1101 it states that any work covered by a building permit must not obstruct public streets alleys or sidewalks without adhering to the regulations outlined here it's crucial to ensure pedestrian safety when work is being done near public walkways for Section 1102 addresses the storage of materials and equipment on public property emphasizing that they should not impede across uh uh fire hydrants utility boxes or Drainage Systems then for Section 1103 it prohibits the mixing of mortar or concrete on public streets to prevent hazards and maintain uh cleanliness and lastly for 11 section 1104 it mandates the protection of both public and private utilities from any damage during construction it's essential to ensure the inter uninterrupted functioning of this utilities while work is underway section 1105 mandates the provision of temporary walkways during construction or demolition ensuring a minimum width of 1.2 uh met and the capability to support a uniform live load of 650 kg per square meter also a durable wearing surface must be maintained throughout the construction period moving on to section 11 1106 it focuses on pedestrian protection it requires the installation of railings to safeguard pedestrian traffic when walkways extend into roadways or are adjacent to excavations railings must be at least uh 1 meter in height and built substantially strong and for fences at least uh 2.4 M high and they're also mandated to enclose the building sze with doors to be kept closed at all times and for canopies it must have a clear height of 2.4 m above the walkway with solid fences along a construction side and if materials are stored or work is done on top of the canopy protective measures such as curve boards or and or railings are required we will now discuss the last two important sections of the National Building Code related to the uh maintenance and demolition of buildings so for Section 1107 it emphasizes the importance of maintaining protective devices such as fences or canopies to ensure uh pedestrian safety it mandates that these protective devices must be properly maintained in good condition for a as long as pedestrians may be at risk it stipulates that uh these devices should be removed within 30 days after they are no longer needed as determined by the building official and moving on to 1108 it outlines regulations for demolition work before any demolition begins all necessary pedestrian protective structures must be in place to prevent accidents and the building official has the authority to request the submission of plans specifications and complete demolation scheduled for from uh the permit and the work cannot proceed until these documents are approved by the building official that's the end of my presentation on the National Building Code of the Philippines thank you for listening