Respiratory System and Disorders - Key Questions and Rationales

Question 1: COPD and Worsening Symptoms

• Patient: 70 y.o. with COPD, respiratory rate 28/min, wheezing, decreased breath sounds
• Intervention: Administer O2 via nasal cannula at 2L/min
• Rationale: Ensures oxygenation without suppressing respiratory drive

Question 2: Pneumonia and ABG Results

• Patient: On IV antibiotics, ABG shows respiratory acidosis
• Intervention: Notify healthcare provider
• Rationale: Needs assessment and treatment adjustment

Question 3: Asthma Exacerbation

• Patient: Using accessory muscles, O2 sat 88%, can't speak full sentences
• Intervention: Administer SABA inhaler
• Rationale: Relieves bronchospasm, improves airway patency

Question 4: Pulmonary Fibrosis with Low O2 Saturation

• Patient: Receiving O2 at 4L/min, still hypoxic
• Intervention: Prepare for NIPPV
• Rationale: Provides better oxygenation and ventilation support

Question 5: ARDS and Rising Peak Inspiratory Pressure

• Patient: On mechanical ventilation
• Intervention: Check ventilator tubing for kinks/obstructions
• Rationale: Simple first step to resolve obstruction

Question 6: Acute Pulmonary Edema

• Patient: Anxious, respiratory rate 32/min, frothy pink sputum
• Intervention: Administer furosemide (Lasix)
• Rationale: Reduces pulmonary congestion via diuresis

Question 7: Cystic Fibrosis with Increased Symptoms

• Patient: SOB, fever, thick green sputum
• Intervention: Administer IV antibiotics
• Rationale: Treats infection causing symptoms

Question 8: Chronic Bronchitis and ABG Expectations

• ABG Result: pH 7.30, PaCO2 60 mmHg, HCO3 28 mEq/L
• Rationale: Reflects respiratory acidosis with CO2 retention

Question 9: TB Medications - Patient Education

• Incorrect Statement: