Transcript for:
BICS and CALP in Language Learning

Two very well-known terms in pedagogy with your English language learners: BICS, CALP. BICS is your “basic interpersonal communication skills” and we call that the playground language, the social language, that’s the “Hi, how are you?” “I’m fine, how are you?” And the academic language is called the CALP, cognitive academic language proficiency. Now as students acquire a language, they first go through the BICS stage, the “Hi, how are you?” “I’m fine, what’s your name?” “My name is Mary.” “Nice to meet you, Mary.” “You too.” And they pick that up within a year or two, really some students pick it up a lot faster, some kids have some prior English and go through that stage very quickly. The CALP takes basically five to seven years and depending on the student, sometimes longer, sometimes less. And that’s the content language that helps them to be successful in their content classes. And there’s a big discrepancy where a student maybe socializing in your class and you feel, “Oh, they’re really language proficient, they understand English.” They take their first test and they bomb it, why, the academic language proficiency is not there. So of course as a teacher, you would want to work with the student, bring into your lesson activities that would help hone that cognitive academic language proficiency. And the SIOP method, the sheltered instruction observation protocol as a lesson plan format, is very helpful in helping a student reach that cognitive academic language proficiency, the content language. And again, keep in mind, it will take a couple of years, so you can’t expect it at the end of the one year, at the end of two years, it’s going to be longer.