Important Battles (Ancient, Medieval, and Modern History)

Introduction

• Last Class: Covered from the Battle of Ten Kings to the First Battle of Panipat (1526)
• In 1526: Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi, ending the Delhi Sultanate, establishing the Mughal Empire
• Today's Class: From Babur to the British East India Company

Babur (1526-1530)

• Four Major Battles:
  1. Battle of Panipat (1526): Babur vs. Ibrahim Lodi
  2. Battle of Khanwa (1527): Babur vs. Rana Sanga
  3. Battle of Chanderi (1528): Babur vs. Medini Rai
  4. Battle of Ghaghra (1529): Babur vs. Afghan-Allied Forces

Humayun (1530-1556)

• Two Major Battles:
  1. Battle of Chausa (1539): Humayun vs. Sher Shah Suri
  2. Battle of Kannauj (1540): Sher Shah Suri won
• 1555: Humayun won back two battles: Machhiwara and Sirhind

Akbar (1556-1605)

• Second Battle of Panipat (1556): Akbar's forces vs. Hemu
• Battle of Haldighati (1576): Akbar's forces (Man Singh I) vs. Maharana Pratap

Aurangzeb (1658-1707)

• Battle of Dharmat (1658): Aurangzeb vs. Jaswant Singh
• Battle of Samugarh (1658): Aurangzeb vs. Dara Shikoh

Carnatic Wars (1746-1763)

• Three Major Wars:
  1. First Carnatic War (1744-1748): Impact of War of Austrian Succession
     • Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle (1748): Madras returned to the British, Louisburg given to the French
  2. Second Carnatic War (1748-1754): Issues of succession of Nizam and Nawab
     • Treaty of Pondicherry (1754): British and French agreed to stop interfering in domestic matters
  3. Third Carnatic War (1756-1763): Impact of the Seven Years' War
     • Treaty of Paris (1763): French renounced fortifications and military presence

Other Important Battles

• Battle of Wandiwash (1760): End of French power, British victory
• Battle of Swally (1612): British vs. Portuguese
• Battle of Chaunsa and Kannauj: Sher Shah Suri vs. Humayun

Future Discussion

• Anglo-Mysore Wars, Anglo-Sikh Wars, and Anglo-Maratha Wars will be covered in upcoming sections