Title: COMP3xxxx Service Centered and Cloud Computing
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COMP30231 Term 2 overview
Dr. Zoheir Ezziane, PhD & FHEA COMP30231 - Service centric & Cloud
## Computing
Module summary
Where this part of the module fits
Learning outcomes
Lectures & seminars
Assessment
> 3May 2025 2
## COMP30231 - Module summary
COMP30231 Service -centric and Cloud Computing
Focuses on Service Oriented Architecture (SOA), its
implementation and use, specifically:
Technical considerations (Term 1)
Business and implementation considerations within a cloud
environment (Term 2)
> 3May 2025 3
## COMP30231 Module summary
This term
Alignment between business and technology strategy and Cloud
Computing
Business considerations public, private or hybrid?
The business case for Cloud Computing; benefits, risks and
opportunities, calculating the return on investment
Cost models for Cloud Computing evolution from capital to
expense
The role of third -party Cloud service providers Service Level
Agreements (SLAs) and measuring performance
Cloud services and business transformation
Examples from Microsoft Azure
> 3 May 2025 4
## COMP30231 Learning outcomes
Demonstrate an understanding of why Cloud services can be a
viable option for businesses, considering the existing technology
infrastructure, costs, risks and business strategy
Determine the key criteria by which a contract with a Cloud
service provider can be assessed
Be able to prepare a business case for the deployment of Cloud
services for an organisation, considering costs, benefits, risks and
relevant business & technology goals
Be able to identify key aspects of the implementation or
provision of Cloud services by a third -party and make specific
recommendations for the management of those aspects
> 3 May 2025 5
## COMP30231 - Lectures & seminars
Lecture Subject
Week 1 IT Strategy & where Cloud Computing fits
Week 2 Adopting Cloud Computing #1 Enterprise
Architecture
Week 3 Adopting Cloud Computing #2 Gap analysis and
implementation
Week 4 Adopting Cloud Computing #3 - Governance
Week 5 Cost models for Cloud Computing moving from
capital to expense
Week 6 The business case for moving to Cloud Computing
Week 7 Managing risk in Cloud Computing
Week 8 Cloud provider business models
Week 9 Contracting with a Cloud provider
Week 10 Review
Week 11, 12 Exam Support drop -ins
3 May 2025 6COMP30231 - Assessment
Assessment for this part of the module is a 2-hour exam
including SA questions and LA questions.
The exam will take place on campus.
You will answer a range of SA questions based on lectures ( 30
marks ) and a range of LA questions about business and
implementation issues related to cloud computing specifically with
respect to the content of the case study ( 20 marks )
> 3 May 2025 7
3 May 2025 8Lecture 1. IS strategy & Cloud computing IS, business strategy & cloud computing
Organisational context of IS
Alignment of business strategy and IS strategy
How IS strategy leads to cloud computing
Technology trends
> 3 May 2025 10
Organisational context of IS Organisational context of IS
Through the 20 th Century, the INFORMATION handling needs of an
organisation grew
From 1900 to 1960, the ratio of INFORMATION workers to PRODUCTION
workers in USA increased from 0.22 to 0.75
Can also be called KNOWLEDGE workers (software engineers, doctors, architects,
engineers, scientists, accountants, lawyers, academics)
Over the same period, the number of INFORMATION workers in the USA
grew from 5.2 million to 28 million
In the early 1960s technological advances meant that organisations could
invest in technology to aid information handling
In 2020 the information market had a share of $136.48 billion with an
expected $196.7 billion share by 2025
> 3May 2025 12
1965 1984 1990
> Information
> Production
> Technology
> spend
2022
# ?IT contribution to labour productivity in
## organisations
3 May 2025 13
Mainframes
Mini -computers and PCs
Internet & Web 1.0
Mobile devices
and Web 2.0
Eras of IT
adoption
"[...] in the United States, Canada,
the Eurozone, and the United
Kingdom, the contribution of ICT to
labour productivity growth
significantly rose in 1995 -2004
relative to 1974 -1995. However, the
contribution fell in 2004 -2013. It only
remains positive as a result of
continued advances in ICT
performance as proxied by falls in the
relative price of ICT."
Cette et al. (2015). Contribution of ICT
Diffusion to Labour Productivity Growth:
The United States, Canada, the Eurozone,
and the United Kingdom, 1970 -
2013 . International Productivity Monitor,
Centre for the Study of Living Standards,
vol. 28, pages 81 -88. Cloud
computing Organisational context of IS
What do organisations do with IS?
3 May 2025 14
Porter, M.E. (1985), Competitive Advantage
Creating and Sustaining Superior
Performance , The Free Press, London Organisational context of IS
What do organisations do with IS?
3 May 2025 15
Communicate
with suppliers Production
planning
Production
control
Payroll
Marketing
CRM
Warehouse
management
Financial
analysis
Inventory
control
Recipe
management
Product
management
Energy
management
Leases
and rents
Financial
reporting
Communicate
with customers
Internal
communications
Manage
maintenance
Personnel
records
Provide
service
Contract
records
Manage
guarantees
Recruitment Training &
Development
POS
data Alignment of business strategy & IS strategy 3 May 2025 17
Security
Business
objectives
Latest IS
developments
Implementation
Value for
money
Personnel Data
Karenann Terrell
CIO Wal -Mart
Cloud
Mobile
ERP
CRM
SCM
Web
services
Open
source Social
media
Outsourcing
Analysis
Data
protection
External
Internal
Outsourcing
## Pressures on the CIO
- IS Strategy Pressures
- Business Strategy Pressures
http://library.fora.tv/2012/07/24/CIO_Forum_Technology_Disruption_and_Cybersecurity/Walmart_Was_Big_Data_Before_
Big_Data_Was_Cool 3 May 2025 18
# IS
# driven
# Business
# driven
Competitive
environment
Legislation
changes
Technology
development
Risk
mitigation
Cost
reduction
Cost
reduction
# ?
Business
goals
Redundancy
## IS strategy focus IS strategy focus generic pillars
Business
Improvement
Help the
organisation
streamline its
processes
Eliminate
duplicate or
unnecessary tasks
Allow customers
/ suppliers to
self -manage
their transactions
Business
Enablement
Extend or
transform how
an organisation
does business
Help the
organisation
comply with
regulations
Aid top line
(sales) growth
Aid new markets
and channels
Infrastructure
Maintenance
and
improvement of
the organisations
hardware,
software,
telecoms, data
etc.
Manage risk
> 3 May 2025 19
> Adapted from McKeen, J.D. & Smith, H.A. (2009), IT Strategy in Action , Pearson Education
## IS strategy focus
> 3 May 2025 20
## Alignment of business and IS strategy
3 May 2025 21
Alignment
Synchronisation
Convergence
Technology
supports, enables,
and does not
constrain the
companys current
and evolving
business strategies.
Technology not only
enables execution of
current business
strategy but also
anticipates and
helps shape future
business models and
strategy.
Business and
technology activities
intertwine, and the
leadership teams
operate almost
interchangeably.
Hoque, F. et al (2006) Winning the 3 -Legged Race: When
Business & Technology Run Together , Prentice Hall
Rather
than attempting
to react to
the business agenda,
IT will help set it.
The two merge.
IT reacts to the
business agenda
such that they
effectively work
together. How IS strategy leads to Cloud Computing 3 May 2025 23
Consider technological
discontinuities, such as
cloud computing
Businesses are putting
money into areas such
as cloud computing
Cloud computing is
allowing businesses to
deliver services and new
capabilities much faster
and more cost -efficiently
than ever before
Technology trends such as
big data, cloud computing,
mobility and social media
are giving rise to new
marketing and operational
capabilities
In 2020, less than
50% of small and of
medium -sized
enterprises used cloud
computing [Eurostat]
On average, 52% of
an organizations data
center servers
are virtualized
By 2021, 94 percent of worklo
ads and compute instances will
be processed by cloud data cen
ters; 6% will be processed by tr
aditional data centers [CISCO] Driven by cost
Dave Power, Associate Information Consultant at Eli Lilly and Company:
With AWS, Powers said, a new server can be up and running in three minutes (it used to
take Eli Lilly seven and a half weeks to deploy a server internally) and a 64 -node Linux
cluster can be online in five minutes (compared with three months internally).
Ingo Elfering, Vice President of Information Technology Strategy, GlaxoSmithKline:
With Online Services, we are able to reduce our IT operational costs by roughly 30% of
what were spending.
Jim Swartz, CIO, Sybase:
At Sybase, a private cloud of virtual servers inside its data centre has saved nearly $US2
million annually since 2006, Swartz says, because the company can share computing
power and storage resources across servers.
100s of startups in Silicon Valley harness large computing resources without buying
their own machines
> 3 May 2025 ,Fayoumi 24 3 May 2025 25
Mainframe computing
(1960 -1980)
Client / Server
computing
(1980 -1990)
Internet
computing
(1990 -2010)
Cloud
computing
(2010 on)
> ZK Research, 2012
## How IS strategy leads to cloud computing
Consider again the three generic pillars of an IS
strategy
Consider again the IS priorities in the McKinsey
research
Can cloud computing help achieve any or some of
those?
> 3 May 2025 26
## IS strategy cloud computing
Business
Improvement
Business
Enablement Infrastructure
> 3May 2025 27
More flexible, adaptable IT services, devices and applications
Cost models based on expense rather than capital
Lower switching costs to other/new applications, infrastructure or platforms
Shared risk with cloud services provider(s)
Be better able to collect and analyse customer, market and business data
Provide consistent applications and services across the organisation 3 May 2025 28
## Top cloud initiatives - 2020
However:
49% delay cloud
deployment
poor cloud performance,
mergers and
acquisitions, and
security concerns
https://www.cloudwards.net/cloud -computing -statistics/
https://solutionsreview.com/cloud -platforms/74 -of -companies -move -apps -to -
the -cloud -then -back -on -premise/ Global market share - 2020
3 May 2025 29
https://www.cloudwards.net/cloud -computing -statistics/ Technology trends 3 May 2025 31 The SoMoClo concept
> 3 May 2025 32
Social
Mobile Cloud
In 2010 three IS
technologies were
becoming
dominant.
Concurrent but
not necessarily
connected. The SoMoClo concept
3 May 2025 33
Mobile Cloud
In 2011 these three
technologies began
to overlap and
merge
cloud -enabled
social
collaboration
applications
Social
The convergence of
collaborative, on -the -
go technologies that
allow users to access
data and applications
from anywhere at any
time
> SoMoClo Technologies: transforming how and where business takes place (2015):
> https://www.accaglobal.com/content/dam/ACCA_Global/Technical/tech/pi_ACCA -IMA -SoMoClo -report.pdf
## The SoMoClo concept
> 3 May 2025 34
> Mobile
From 2012 onwards,
cloud became the
core
infrastructure ,
mobile the
dominant access
layer , and social
orientated
applications the
means of
interaction
Cloud
> Mobile
> Mobile
> Mobile
> Mobile Mobile
> Mobile
> Mobile
> Mobile
> Mobile
> Mobile
> Mobile
The customer, the user,
the channel partner can
all be presumed to be
mobile
There may be M2M
interaction as well as M2H 3 May 2025 35 3 May 2025 36
Components of IS
strategy to support
and align with the
business can be
successfully fulfilled
by cloud computing
services
Technology
developments are
creating an
environment where
cloud -based services
are becoming more
dominant
But what specifically will be done? What service and
deployment models? What functionality? What
guarantees and agreements? Summary & seminar topic Summary
Increasing organisational complexity has created an increasingly
complex need for information and information handling
Organisations use IS for many different needs
We are at the beginning of a phase where IS technologies
(especially social media, cloud, and mobile devices) can truly be
said to be changing the nature of information
Technology developments are also driving the adoption of cloud
services in organisations
Organisational IS is most effective when it aligns with and supports
the business
IS should be managed and deployed with a view to the
organisations strategy
> 3 May 2025 38
## Seminar
Consider Nottingham Trent University
What aspects of their IS operations could be served by cloud
computing?
Consider;
Improving existing education and business services
Providing services more cost effectively
Providing new services
From the NOW learning room, read Sultan, N. (2010) Cloud
computing for education: A new dawn?, International Journal of
Information Management , Vol. 30, pp.109 -116 for ideas.