Grade 11 CAT: Module 1.2 - Input and Output Devices (Part 1: Input)

Overview

• Module Focus: Input and output devices; this lecture focuses on input devices.
• Upcoming Topics: Output devices, interactive whiteboards, input/output for physically challenged users.

Input Devices

• Definition: Provides running software with instructions and data to be processed immediately or stored for later.

Image Capture

• Importance: High usage in modern computing
• Devices: Digital cameras (e.g., smartphones, compact cameras, DSLRs)
• DSLR Cameras: Detachable lens for varied photography
• Point-and-Shoot Cameras: Basic, no detachable lenses
• Specs to Consider: Lens type, sensor size, optical zoom, digital zoom, resolution, ISO rating

Scanners

• Function: Converts hard copy documents, images, and objects into digital format
• Types: Flatbed scanners, Barcode scanners
• Quality Determinants:
  • Resolution: Higher DPI = better quality but larger files
  • Color Depth: Higher color depth = more colors, larger files (e.g., 24-bit color = 16.7 million colors)
• OCR Software: Converts scanned text images into editable documents

Biometric Input

• Techniques: Fingerprint, iris, facial recognition, voice recognition
• Use Cases: Security access, smartphone unlock, workplace attendance
• Advantages: High security, difficult to defeat
• Disadvantages: Expensive, requires additional hardware/software

ATMs (Automated Teller Machines)

• Input Methods: PIN codes, menu choices, card readers, touch screens
• Advantages: 24/7 banking, cross-bank transactions
• Disadvantages: Security risks, physical danger

Point of Sale (POS) Systems

• Technology: Barcodes, RFID tags, QR codes
• Functions: Faster processing, better stock control
• Advantages: Accurate pricing, efficient stock management
• Disadvantages: Expensive equipment, system dependency

Near-Field Communication (NFC)

• Usage: Contactless payments, data exchange
• Integration: Point of Sale systems, smartphones

Touch Screens

• Dual Function: Both input and output devices
• Advantages: Intuitive, allows for natural input, saves screen space
• Disadvantages: Prone to smudging, slower than physical keyboards, potential for damage

Data Collection Devices

• Functions: Capture specific data (e.g., water readings, patient vitals, weather conditions)
• Advantages: Accurate, fast data capture
• Disadvantages: Sensor limitations, high costs

Smartphone and Tablets

• Input Methods: Touch screens, hardware buttons, cameras, accelerometers
• Innovations: Virtual keyboards, projected keyboards

Alternative Input Devices

• Game Controllers and Gamepads: Connect users to computers or gaming systems
• VR Controllers: Enhance interaction within virtual environments