If in the previous video we discussed the Portuguese as the first European nation to occupy the archipelago, in this video we will discuss the arrival of the 2nd European nation after the Portuguese , who had tried their luck to dominate the archipelago, the 2nd European nation that came to the archipelago. or Indonesia after the Portuguese is the Spaniards themselves came to the archipelago around 1521 or about 10 years after the arrival of the Portuguese in the archipelago . the new colonies and the spread of Christianity or what we know as gold glory and the gospel , but the period of Spanish occupation in this archipelago did not last long . straight to Tidore upon arrival in Tidore the Spaniards received a warm welcome from the local community, this was mainly because at that time the Kingdom of Tidore was at war with the Kingdom of Ternate which was assisted by Portuguese for Spain its arrival in Maluku can be likened to a dream come true because they finally arrived at the spice-producing areas during that period the Maluku islands or better known as Moluccas were nicknamed the Spice Islands because at that time these islands were the only ones in the world where cloves could grow wild Clove itself is one of the most important trading commodities. Cloves are traded in Asian and European markets. This single condition has made the Maluku Islands famous since ancient times. A little flashback to the past . Spanish and Portuguese exploration of the archipelago did not happen without reason around the 15th century AD . Europe had begun to compete in voyages to discover a new world. The main purpose of the voyage in search of new lands or areas was to discover areas that produced spices. In that period, Spain and Portugal became one of the leading maritime powers in Europe , but both had Disputes over the shipping route to be taken towards the end of the 15th century Spanish king Ferdinand II of Aragon and Queen Isabella I of Castie sponsored several exploratory expeditions to find new routes to Asia rich in spices in 1492 Christopher Columbus a Spanish explorer who sailed Under the Spanish flag accidentally discovered a new world , namely America was not satisfied until there in 1519 Spain returned to its expedition to find sources of spices. This Spanish royal expedition was led by Ferdinand Mageland who was a Portuguese explorer. under the name of the mageland expedition this expedition faced many difficulties including sabotage and mutiny by most of the crew starving scurvy storms and fighting with the natives finally in 1521 Magellen with his remaining expedition crew managed to reach the territory of the kingdom of cebu philippines in philippines Magellen managed to establish cooperation with the king of cebu and also succeeded in converting the king and its inhabitants at that time the kingdom of cebu was hostile to maktan as an ally of the king of cebu then asked Magellen and his troops to go to maktan island to kill the leader of the maktan namely datu lapu lapu fortunately could not be achieved unfortunate could not be refused in the war against maktan in fact majellen himself who was killed by lapu-lapu and his men like the proverb had fallen down the stairs after being defeated by maktan the remaining Spanish troops then returned to cebu where they were later betrayed by the king who poisoned the Spanish troops when the banquet on the night after the expedition battle was resumed Captained by Juan Sebastian Elcano, a Spanish navigator who participated in the Mageland expedition after leaving the Philippines in May 1521, the Magellen Elcano expedition finally arrived in the Maluku Islands in November 1521. The Philippines itself was finally conquered by Spain in around 1565 through another expedition which sent by the kingdom of Spain in the Philippines, the Spanish colonial government lasted for about 3 centuries , namely until 1898 , when they arrived at Tidore, the Spanish sailors were greeted by the leader of the island , namely Sultan al Mansyur. It was stated that Sultan al Mansyur was a very friendly host and with it was easy to claim loyalty to the king of spain a Spanish trading post was then established in Tidore and the Spanish sailors bought cloves in large quantities and bartered for goods such as cloth, knives and glassware because of a shortage of personnel , it was decided to -2 remaining ships from this expedition to return to Spain and in December 1521 the 2 remaining ships namely the Victoria and Trinidad ships were planned to return to Spain via a different route but unfortunately on the way out of the Maluku Islands the Trinidad ship was caught by the portuguese fleet and finally sank in a storm while at anchor under portuguese control a different fate was experienced by the ship victoria and her crew where this ship managed to return to its country via the western route to the cape of good hope and arrived in spain in 1522 this expedition took about 3 years from 1519 to 1522 and of the 5 ships with about 270 people who departed from Spain on the expedition only 1 ship remained and 18 people returned to Spain this expedition is considered very important for human history and science because from this expedition it is known if the shape of the world is spherical it is evident from the Magellan-Elcano expedition that sailed from the West and was able to return to the West then the king of Spain paid great respect to Magellan Elcano's voyage and gave an imitation of the globe on this globe there is a coil of writing with the meaning you were the first to circle me in 1525 immediately after the return of the magellan expedition the king of spain sent an expedition led by garcia jolfrede loaisa to occupy moluccas known as the loaisa expedition another expedition was also sent afterward to help spanish troops conquer moluccas such as the expeditions savedra and grijalva besides tidore it was mentioned that spanish ships also landing in the Manado area, North Sulawesi, back to the initial timeline for Spain landing in Maluku was like a dream come true but for the Portuguese the arrival of the Spanish in Maluku was actually considered a threat and a violation of the monopoly rights of Portuguese trade . in fact, the two of them were involved in several wars by taking advantage of the hostility that occurred in the kingdoms of Ternate and Tidore, competition between the two local kingdoms and each of their allies was ultimately won by Ternate and Portugal to resolve the conflict between the two European nations and the two local kingdoms the agreement agreement called the agreement Saragosa the agreement was made on April 22, 1529 some time after the war was over from the agreement finally Spain had to leave Maluku and Portugal could return to monopolize trade in the area as for the main contents of the agreement Saragosa among others the first Spain had to leave the Maluku region and return to trading in the Philippines. The two Portuguese could continue to carry out their trading activities around the Maluku Islands. After the agreement, the Spanish troops then returned to their country, even though after the agreement , Spain still sent another expedition to looking for trade with unspecified islands, in other words not occupied by Portugal, as in the via lobos expedition in 1541, the new Spanish completely left the archipelago in 1545 with the surrender of the Vialobos people to the Portuguese , has this been completed, of course no arrival has been recorded the Spanish in the archipelago itself occurred in two periods, the first period was as we explained earlier which was marked by the battle against the Portuguese to control the Maluku islands while the 2nd period the arrival of the Spanish in the archipelago occurred in 1582 this occurred during the unification between the crowns of spain and portugal where in this period a spanish expedition departing from manila philippines was organized with the aim of helping portuguese troops defeat their ternate enemies who rebelled against portuguese rule and who succeeded in expelling them from the island in 1575 the main objective of this expedition was reconquista or the reconquest of the portuguese fortress in ternate began with the Francisco duenas expedition in 1582 in this period there were at least 6 spanish expeditions until 1602 sent from the philippines to help the portuguese reconquer the Maluku islands but unfortunately none of the 6 expeditions succeeded in conquering Again, the Maluku Islands were sad again, the Dutch, who were the arch-enemy of Spain and also Portugal's rivals in the archipelago, precisely succeeded in conquering Maluku by conquering Ambon and Tidore in 1605 , but because they did not have enough people to guard a Dutch fort, they left Tidore with only a few people on the island. -a small trading post saw the opportunity in 1606 spain sent an expedition led by the governor of the philippines Pedro de akuna to re-establish iberian control over Maluku from 1606 to 1663 or for 57 years spain managed to occupy several spice islands this period is also marked by battle Constantly fighting the Dutch who were almost always superior at sea and better armed and more soldiers and ships the Spanish occupation of the region mainly resulted in a harsh military occupation in contrast to the Dutch returning again and forming an alliance with the rebels in Ternate. during the 2nd period of spanish occupation of this archipelago, the spanish controlled only a few fortified places in ternate and tidore although the spanish from time to time maintained their garrisons sporadically also on the outskirt islands of halmahera, morotai and sulawesi where these islands are a source of sago and other food which was very necessary for the maintenance of the garrison and population of the islands of Ternate and Tidore which were occupied by the Spanish but because of the high costs incurred by the Spanish to maintain their position in the Maluku Islands, especially because of their logistical supplies and weapons which had to be sent from the Philippines, they had to facing bad weather or being intercepted and captured by the Dutch finally in 1663 the governor of the Philippines manrik de lara decided to dismantle and abandon all the garrisons in Maluku that is a little history about the occupation of the Spanish people in the archipelago which is currently the unitary state of the republic of Indonesia support us directly to make special content about Indonesia by buying super thanks at the bottom of this video