Hello assalamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh On this occasion we will learn about sociology Sociology is a material in chapter 1 in the subject of sociology class 10 odd semester to make it easier for you to understand this material here I have divided it into several important points how The first is the definition of sociology the second is the characteristics of sociology and the third is the history of the birth of sociology well let's start with the definition of sociology sociology comes from two words namely socius and logos socius means in society and logos means science so sociology literally means there is Hi science that studies society here there are several definitions of sociology according to experts the first according to Max Weber according to him that sociology is a science that studies social actions What is social action social action is an action carried out by someone against another person So in this case in the activity there must be a second actor for example when someone is angry then that person pushes another person that is said to be a social action compared to someone who is angry then that person just keeps quiet and does nothing it cannot be said to be a social action because in it there is no yes second or other people so it can be said that not all actions are said to be social actions Then the second according to Soemardjan according to him that sociology is a science that studies social structures and social processes including social change social structure here means order or system or can also be called social levels Examples of social levels that exist in our environment for example is a caste system and levels seen from the economy there are rich people and there are poor people then the last according to Soerjono Soekanto according to him that Sociology is a science that studies society as a whole and the relationships between people in society from the three opinions we can conclude that the meaning of sociology is a science that studies the life of society and social phenomena and social structures in society itself then we move on to the next point, namely the characteristics of sociology it turns out that sociology is a social science that has different characteristics compared to other social sciences then here there are four characteristics in sociology or four characteristics in sociology the first characteristic is empirical It means that sociology is based on the results of observations of reality and common sense which is not speculative in nature meaning it is not allowed to guess for example when there is a social phenomenon such as traffic jams we cannot guess that the cause of the traffic jam might occur because someone is lazy to use public transportation or maybe someone is used to using a private vehicle and causing traffic jams, the sentence maybe here we need to underline as a sign that it can be said to be speculation or guessing. This Kai is not in accordance with the empirical nature of sociology which occurs in studying or analyzing the causes of the emergence of a phenomenon, for example, traffic jams should not be speculated and must be based on a study that shows a result. Why does someone prefer to use a private car rather than public transportation ultimately cause traffic jams? Then the second is theoretical, this means compiling abstractions from concrete observation results in the field, well, this is related to the first characteristic if we have mentioned about social research which finally has results and in the results of the research there will be conclusions from a phenomenon that we are studying, well, the conclusion can produce a theory and that is what is called theoretical then the third characteristic is cumulative, tired here means that sociology is formed from existing theories and can then be improved and expanded again, theories in sociology are flexible, meaning they can be changed according to the conditions of the times for cumulative keywords, you just remember the cumulative sentence or collection, meaning sociology is formed on the basis of a collection of existing theories, then the next is non-ethical, meaning sociology does not provide good or bad views on certain facts, but explain the factors scientifically and in depth for example we all agree that murder is a bad act but in sociology we cannot immediately judge that the behavior of the person who killed was bad behavior but in sociology it must be studied first or analyzed first Why someone commits murder so that we know the background of the murder committed by someone against another person we can say that a phenomenon that occurs in this society we cannot immediately judge that it is good or bad But we have to look into the background Why it can happen so that the results are not speculation that is the four characteristics of sociology then in the last point we will discuss the history of the formation of sociology every science has a history of the beginning of the formation and development of the science as well as sociology the development of sociology can be explained in three points in the first point is the development of sociology until the 19th century the birth of the term sociology is inseparable from the industrial revolution and the French Revolution in Western Europe there have also been New Habits that at first they hoped this industrial revolution could eliminate discrimination and oppression for members of society there but in reality since the industrial revolution this chaos has become more visible the emergence of new social classes such as people who have large capital and people who do not have big capital or also called laborers and employers how people who have big capital dominate people who do not have capital this event is also called capitalism and feudalism seeing this reality, one of the figures from France named Auguste Comte appeared who began to think about how to reduce the impact of the industrial revolution in France finally Auguste Comte began to develop a science with a term or with a new name called sociology according to him this sociology can be used as a science that can reduce chaos due to the impact of social change, namely the industrial revolution in 1828 The emergence of the term sociology for the first time in society so that Auguste Comte is also known as the Father of sociology then the second point is the development of sociology in the 20th century it turns out that in the 20th century this new problem is not just the phenomenon of capitalism and feudalism alone so that the sociological theory initiated by Auguste Comte must be modified in accordance with the development of the times Because at that time the Berus phenomenon began to appear such as social interaction then migration and others so that seeing new conditions like that a new sociology began to emerge called modern sociology meaning modern sociology is not only limited discusses capitalism and feudalism but can also be useful for gimeno Mena new phenomena that occur in society then the last is the development of sociology in Indonesia the development of sociology in Indonesia began in 1934 to 1935, namely since the implementation of sociology lectures at the Jakarta law school at that time this sociology was only an additional course for legal science because there was no specialization in sociology but after Indonesia's independence began to develop sociology for the first time given at the Yogyakarta Political Science Academy which is currently the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Gadjah Mada University then appeared various books that discuss sociology and balanced logical thinking it can be said that the development of sociology at first only complemented other sciences that were only used as additional science for political science majors but seeing the importance and understanding of studying Indonesian society finally this sociology became a science that stands alone and the government began to require this sociology lesson starting from junior high school to high school and even to college Well that's the history of the development of the birth of sociology until it can reach Indonesia hopefully with this material you can better understand the learning of sociology and get to know more about the subject of sociology maybe That's enough learning On this occasion Thank you for your attention If there is anything you want to ask Please write your questions in the comments column on Google each of their respective classes Hi, thank you all, wassalamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh, perhaps [Music]