Lecture Notes: Introduction to Systems Analysis and Design

Credits

• Instructional materials from Course Technology
• Authors: Shelley and Rosenblatt
• Based on Systems Analysis and Design book

Chapter 1: Introduction

Chapter Objectives:

• Discuss the impact of IT on business strategy and success
• Define an information system and its components
• Explain profiles and models in business functions
• Internet's impact on business strategies and relationships
• Identify various types of information systems
• Distinguish between structured, object-oriented, and agile methods
• Compare traditional waterfall model with agile methods
• Apply guidelines for systems development
• Discuss the role of IT department and systems analysts

Introduction to IT in Business

• Information used as a weapon for productivity, quality, loyalty, and decision-making
• Importance of data analytics in utilizing information effectively
• Encourage taking certification courses in data analytics for an edge in job applications
• IT infrastructure is costly but crucial for company success if utilized properly

Impact of IT

• IT comprises hardware, software, and services for managing and sharing information
• Three issues shaping the future:
  1. Global changes (e.g., COVID-19 pandemic)
  2. Technological advancements (e.g., online learning)
  3. Changes in client demand (e.g., increased internet connectivity)

Systems Development

• Developed by qualified, motivated, business-oriented individuals
• Requires strong communication and analytical skills
• Systems Analysis and Design (SAD): a step-by-step process for developing high-quality information systems

Development Approaches

1. In-house Packages: Developed internally, e.g., university's ICT services
2. Software Packages: Purchased for companies without IT departments
3. Internet-based Application Services: Services offered online
4. Outsourcing: Hiring third-party companies
5. Custom Solutions: Modifiable software packages
6. Enterprise-wide Software Strategies: Integrated solutions for large companies

Information System Components

• System: Set of components producing specific results
• Mission-critical systems: Essential for company operations
• Components:
  • Hardware
  • Software (System and Application)
  • Data (raw facts and refined information)
  • Processes (tasks to achieve results)
  • People (stakeholders and users)

Business Process Modeling

• Use of diagrams to represent processes
• Important for identifying problems and solutions

Types of Companies

• Production-oriented: Focus on producing goods
• Service-oriented: Offer services, e.g., education
• Internet-dependent: Operations rely on internet
• Dot com: Online businesses
• Brick and mortar: Physical stores

Impact of the Internet

• E-commerce: B2C and B2B transactions
• Increased channels for business transactions

Business Information Systems

• Office Systems: Productivity tools
• Operational Systems: Mission-critical
• Decision Support Systems: Aid in decision-making
• Executive Information Systems: Dashboard for management

Systems Development Models

• Structured Analysis: Uses SDLC, waterfall model
• Object-Oriented Analysis: Combines data and processes
• Agile Methods: Emphasizes continuous feedback and iteration

Systems Development Guidelines

• Develop a project plan
• Involve users
• Use project management tools
• Remain flexible

Role of IT Department

• Develops, maintains, and operates information systems

Systems Analyst

• Bridges business and technical side
• Requires technical knowledge, communication, and analytical skills
• Certifications are valuable for career advancement

Career Opportunities

• Systems analysts are important in IT departments of top companies

Chapter Summary

• IT is a combination of hardware and software
• Essential components: hardware, software, data, processes, people
• Systems classified as enterprise computing, transaction processing, etc.
• IT department and systems analysts play crucial roles
• Systems analysts need technical and communication skills

Feel free to ask questions in the provided discussion forum for clarifications on Chapter 1. Good day!