Flashcards for:
Organs and Glands that Release Hormones

The mnemonic 'TP FLAG' helps remember the hormones released by the anterior pituitary: Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), Prolactin, Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), Luteinizing hormone (LH), Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and Growth hormone (GH).

The hypothalamus is located in the brain and releases Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), Thyroid-releasing hormone (TRH), Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), and Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH).

The ovaries produce Estrogen and Progesterone, which are crucial for regulating the menstrual cycle and pregnancy.

The posterior pituitary gland releases Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) and Oxytocin.

The thyroid gland (producing Calcitonin) and the parathyroid glands (producing Parathyroid hormone, PTH) are directly involved in the body's calcium regulation.

The thyroid gland, located in the neck, produces T3 (Triiodothyronine), T4 (Thyroxine), and Calcitonin.

Insulin lowers blood glucose levels by promoting glucose uptake into cells, while Glucagon raises blood glucose levels by promoting the release of glucose from storage sites in the liver.

The mnemonic 'Cutthroat Good Game' helps remember the hormones released by the hypothalamus: Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), Thyroid-releasing hormone (TRH), Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), and Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH).

The pancreas produces Insulin, which lowers blood glucose levels, and Glucagon, which raises blood glucose levels.

The testes primarily produce Testosterone, which is important for the development of male secondary sexual characteristics and reproductive functions.

The parathyroid glands, located near the thyroid gland, produce Parathyroid hormone (PTH).

The adrenal medulla releases Epinephrine and Norepinephrine, which are involved in the body's fight-or-flight response.

The adrenal cortex produces Aldosterone, Cortisol, and Androgens. Aldosterone regulates sodium and potassium balance, Cortisol manages stress responses, and Androgens are involved in secondary sexual characteristics.

The anterior pituitary gland releases Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), Prolactin, Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), Luteinizing hormone (LH), Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and Growth hormone (GH).

The adrenal glands are located on top of the kidneys and consist of two parts: the adrenal cortex (which produces Aldosterone, Cortisol, and Androgens) and the adrenal medulla (which produces Epinephrine and Norepinephrine).