Current Electricity Lecture Notes
Introduction
- Detailed study of current electricity.
- Try to understand definitely and make notes carefully.
Meaning of Current
- Current means the flow of charge.
- Current forms in any conductor.
- Measurement of current (I) is done in coulombs.
Types of Current
-
Transient Current
- Flows for a very short time.
-
Steady Current
Relation between Current and Resistance
- The relation between resistance and current can be understood through Ohm's law.
- Ohm's Law:
- V = I × R
- where
- V = Voltage
- I = Current
- R = Resistance
Kirchhoff's Laws
-
Junction Rule
- The incoming and outgoing current at a junction must be equal.
- [ I_{in} = I_{out} ]
-
Voltage Rule
- The total voltage in a closed loop is zero.
- [ ext{Total Voltage} = 0 ]
Definition of Watt and Power
- Power is measured in watts.
- Power = Voltage × Current = [ P = V × I ]
Electrical Energy
- Usage of energy is in percentage.
- Energy = Power × Time
- Types of energy of storage battery.
Heating Effect of Current
- Heat is produced when current passes through a resistance.
- [ H = I^2 × R × t ]
Wheatstone Bridge
- An arrangement of four resistances, where one resistance is unknown.
- When there is no current at the junction, it is balanced.
Conduction (Practices)
- Practices can be understood by sign convention at junction and potential.
Conclusion
- It is important to consolidate and understand the principles and practical knowledge of current electricity.
- Prepare well to answer questions regarding this.
Important to Remember:
- Sign and style of resistance: Increasing resistance decreases current.
- Conservation of Charge: Always remember that the current entering a junction is equal to the current leaving.
- Use Kirchhoff's both laws effectively.
Next Class:
- Deep study of current electricity.
Attention for Participants:
- All students must strictly follow the study guidelines.
- Continuous practice and preparation of questions.
!!! Congratulations, keep up the work !!!