Periodic Table and Electronic Configuration

Session Start

• The first session was on atomic structure.
• Second session:
  • Topic:
    • Classification of Elements
    • Periodic Properties (as in NCERT)

Enthusiasm in Chat Box

• All students were urged to show their energy.

Importance of Study

• This chapter is the ABCD of Chemistry.
• It forms the foundation of the entire chemistry.

Important Topics

• Quantum Numbers:
  • It indicates the position of electrons.
  • Electrons can be transferred from different coordinates.
• Ionization Energy:
  • Directly related to questions.

History of Periodic Table

• Dobereiner:
  • Used triads.
  • Arranged elements according to atomic mass.
• Mendeleev:
  • Proposed the periodic law.
  • Physical and chemical properties depend on atomic weight.
• Moseley:
  • Established atomic number through X-ray spectra.

Key Concepts

• Ionization Energy:
  • Energy required to remove an electron.
  • Different energy for individual electrons.

Configuration and Electronic Processes

• Configuration:
  • Position of the outermost shell.
• Properties of Elements:
  • High capacity to gain electrons in group 17.
  • Electron gain enthalpy of groups 16 and 17.

Features

• Isoelectronic Species:
  • Same electron number.
  • Size determined based on the number of protons.
• Metals and Non-metals:
  • Electron gain enthalpy and electronegativity.

Electronegativity

• General Trend:
  • Increases from left to right.
  • Decreases down the group.
• Metallic and Non-metallic Character:
  • Electronegativity increases.

Lanthanide and Actinide Contraction

• Shielding and effects of both.
• Cations and Anions:
  • Size of cations is small and anions are large.

Aspects of Ionization Energy

• Level of purchasing energy.
• Effect on stability.
• General Topic:
  • Study of ionization energy and electron gain enthalpy.

Conclusion

• All key concepts have been covered.
• Students were motivated to ask questions.