question one a client with hypertension has been prescribed hydrochlorizide which potential side effect should the nurse monitor for a hypoglycemia B hypokalemia C hyponatremia D hypercalcemia answer B hypokalemia r l hydrochlorizide is a thide diuretic that can lead to potassium excretion potentially causing hypokalemia question two the nurse is caring for a client who has just had a pacemaker insertion which nursing intervention is most appropriate a encouraging the client to raise the arm on the side of the insertion site B checking the insertion site for swelling redness and discharge C advising the client to avoid using electrical appliances D administering aspirin for pain relief answer B checking the insertion site for swelling redness and discharge rationale monitoring the insertion site for signs of infection or complications is crucial after pacemaker insertion question three which statement made by a client with congestive heart failure indicates they understand their diet di AR restrictions a I will increase my protein intake B I'll avoid adding salt to my meals C I can eat bananas every day D I'll drink at least 3 liters of water daily answer B I'll avoid adding salt to my meals rationale clients with CHF are typically advised to follow a low sodium diet to prevent fluid retention question four the nurse recognizes that which lab value is most consistent with a diagnosis of myocardial infrction a elevated white blood cell count B decreased platelet count C elevated tropinin Level D decreased potassium level answer C elevated tropinin level rationale tropinin is a specific marker for myocardial injury its level rises within a few hours of a heart attack question five a client is prescribed warer and therapy which food should the nurse advise the client to consume in moderation due to its effect on anti-coagulation a spinach B oranges C apples D carrots answer a spinach rationale spinach is high in vitamin K which can counteract the effects of warin a vitamin K antagonist question six a nurse is caring for a client with aortic stenosis which symptom is most indicative of this condition a chest pain B cyanosis C palpitations D wheezing answer a chest pain rationale aortic stenosis can cause reduced blood flow from the left ventricle leading to chest pain or angina question seven the nurse is instructing a client on how to take their nitroglycerin tablets which statement indicates client understanding a I'll swallow the tablet with a glass of water B I will place the tablet under my tongue and let it dissolve C I need to chew the tablet for faster relief D I can take up to 10 tablets a day answer B I will place the tablet under my tongue and let it dissolve rationale nitroglycerin is taken sublingually under the tongue for Rapid absorption and quick relief of angina question eight a client is diagnosed with peripheral arterial disease which assessment finding is most consistent with this diagnosis a warm flushed skin on the affected extremity B pitting edema in the affected limb C strong pedal pulses D intermittent claudication answer D intermittent claudication rationale intermittent claudication or pain with walking that's relieved with rest is a classic symptom of Peripheral arterial disease due to reduced blood flow to the affected extremity question nine a nurse is preparing a client for a cardiac catheterization which statement by the client warrants further investigation a I had a light breakfast this morning B I am anxious about the procedure C I have had this procedure done before D I hope this will help my doctor identify the problem answer a I had a light breakfast this morning rationale clients are typically advised to fast for several hours before a cardiac catheterization question 10 a client with a history of deep vein thrombosis DVT is to be discharged on an ox the parin the nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which side effect a dry mouth B constipation c hemia d insomnia answer C hemia rationale an oxop parin is an anti-coagulant hemia blood and the urine can indicate excessive anti-coagulation or bleeding complications question 11 the nurse is assessing a client's risk for coronary artery disease CAD which risk factor is modifiable a family history of CAD B age over 65 C smoking D gender answer C C smoking rationale smoking is a modifiable risk factor for CAD interventions can be initiated to help the client quit smoking thus reducing their risk question 12 which medication is typically prescribed to reduce the risk of stroke in clients with atrial fibrillation a furosemide B dioxin c amiodaron d warin answer D warin rationale atrial fibrillation can lead to clot formation in the Atria increasing the risk of stroke warin an anti-coagulant is often prescribed to reduce this risk question 13 a client presents to the emergency department with a suspect myocardial infarction Mi which medication would the nurse anticipated administering first a morphine B furosemide C aspirin D potassium chloride answer C aspirin rationel aspirin is an antiplatelet agent that can prevent further clot formation making it crucial in the early management of an MI question 14 during an assessment a nurse observes that a client's jugular veins are distended when sitting at a 45° angle this finding is consistent with a right-sided heart failure B left-sided heart failure C dehydration D hypovolemia answer a right-sided heart failure rationale jugular Venus distension jvd is a sign of increased Central Venus pressure often seen in right-sided heart failure question 15 a client with heart failure reports increasing shortness of breath the nurse would expect to hear which lung sound Upon oscilation A Rony B wheezing C crackles D Strider answer C crackles rationale crackles or RS are heard when fluid accumulates in the alv consistent with pulmonary edema often seen in heart failure question 16 a client is taking dioxin for atrial fibrillation the nurse knows to monitor for which sign of dioxin toxicity a tachicardia b hypertension C yellow tined vision D Tremors answer C yellow tined vision rationale yellow tined vision zopiatis a nurse observes an inverted t-wave on a client's ECG this finding is most consistent with a myocardial infarction B hypokalemia C myocardial esia D atrial fibrillation answer C myocardial esea rationale inverted t- waves on an EC G are indicative of myocardial esema question 18 which nursing intervention is most appropriate for a client with Venus and sufficiency a elevating the legs above Heart level B applying heat to the affected limbs C encouraging crossing of the legs D restricting fluid intake answer a elevating the legs above Heart level rationale elevating the legs helps to reduce swelling and improve Venus return in clients with Venus insufficiency question 19 a client reports chest pain radiating to the left arm with nausea and sweating the nurse should first a obtain an ECG B administer nitroglycerin C begin CPR D administer morphine answer a obtain an ECG rationale the client's symptoms are consistent with a myocardial infraction an ECG is essential to confirm the diagnosis and determine the severity and location of the Mi question 20 which diagnostic test can best determine the rection fraction of a client's heart a ECG B chest x-ray C echocardiogram D cardiac catheterization answer C echocardiogram rationale an echocardiogram provides a visual representation of the hearts Chambers and can accurately measure the ejection fraction question 21 a nurse is monitoring a client for postural hypotension the correct way to do this is a measure blood pressure after the client has been lying down then immediately after standing B measure blood pressure while the client is walking C measure blood pressure after the client has been sitting then after exercising D measure blood pressure immediately upon waking up answer a measure blood pressure after the client has been lying down then immediately after standing rationale postural or orthostatic hypotension is a drop in blood pressure when moving from a lying to a standing position question 22 which assessment finding indicates a therapeutic response to a beta blocker a pulse rate below 50 beatss per minute b reduced chest pain C blood pressure of 90 over 60 mm of mercury D presence of petal EMA answer b reduced chest pain rationale beta blockers reduce heart rate and blood pressure reducing myocardial oxygen demand this can help alleviate chest pain and G in clients with CAD question 23 a client with chronic heart failure starts to exhibit signs of dioxin toxicity the nurse anticipates administering which medication as an antidote A nxone B flum masol C vitamin K D digibind answer d digibind rationale digibind or dioxin immune Fab is the antidote for dioxin toxicity question 24 a client is prescribed an Ace inhibitor the nurse should instruct the client to report which side effect immediately a dry cough B diarrhea C insomnia d kitis answer a dry cough rationale a persistent dry cough is a known side effect of ACE inhibitors and may indicate that the client needs a change in medication question 25 a nurse is teaching a client about the warning signs of a stroke which symptom should be included in the teaching a Tremors B sudden confusion C persistent headache D abdominal pain answer B sudden confusion rationale sudden confusion troubl speaking or difficulty understanding are warning signs of a stroke visit nurs study.net for more nursing practice exams care plans and study guides