Marhaban! Right now, we're going to talk about verbal sentences in Arabic, or what we call الجملة الفعلية. فعلية is a 'nisba' adjective, like others we've seen, that comes from the word فعل, which means 'verb' in Arabic. So here we have some examples. لا أعرف كل الطلاب في الصف. 'I don't know all of the students in the class.' يكتبون الرسائل إلى أفراد العائلة. 'They write letters to the members of the family.' يعمل الأستاذ في جامعة "سميث". 'The professor works at Smith College.' تشاهد زوجتي التلفزيون في المساء. 'My wife watches television in the evening.' Now, as we can see, the subject of the verb, the فاعل, as we say in Arabic, which literally means the 'doer,' can be contained within the verb. Here are a couple of examples. We know from the conjugations that أعرف refers to أنا, I am talking about myself, or يكتبون refers explicitly to هم, right And in other cases we can put the فاعل after the فعل, the verb. الفعل, and here we have الفاعل. Note that this is something that we cannot do in English. We can't put our subject after our verb, but in Arabic, it's very common and especially in formal, written Arabic, it's considered most elegant style, if we need to express a specific فاعل, right? But we don't always. لا أعرف, I'm always referring to me, so there's no need to put أنا there. We could do it, there's no rule explicitly against it, it sounds a little bit redundant, unless I want to refer specifically to me, but I could say أنا لا أعرف كل الطلاب في الصف. But if I do that, I'm no longer working with a جملة فعلية, because I'm not beginning my sentence with a فعل, a verb, I'm beginning it with this pronoun, أنا. We could also, for example, take this last sentence, تشاهد زوجتي التلفزيون في المساء Let's work through this, and identify what we have. تشاهد that's a verb, a فعل. زوجتي, she's the one who's doing the watching. She is the فاعل, right? Again no prohibition against taking this word and turning this into a جملة اسمية. But then we're going to use different terminology to analyze the sentence, right? We remember that we have words that are roughly equivalent to 'subject' and 'predicate,' so if we were going to use this structure and turn it into a جملة اسمية, زوجتي would be the مبتدأ, the subject, roughly, and تشاهد التلفزيون, all of that would be الخبر. Usually, we have some flexibility. With many many sentences, we could go with جملة اسمية or جملة فعلية, but the the context in which we analyze 40 00:04:09,939 --> 00:00:00,000 them is going to be different.