During the introduction of parts of speech, we discussed that there are eight parts of speech. One of them is a verb. We will talk about it in detail later, but its form “to be” is one type of verb. That is used frequently as “is”, “am”, and “are”. i.e. he is my friend. I am a teacher, etc. “is”, “am”, and “are” are forms of the verb “to be”. To be means “occurs” If we go to its definition, it tells us what is. and who is? for that, we use “is”, “am”, and “are”. It also tells about the condition. E.g. He is sick. He is smart, and he is clever, etc. What someone is and what something is? We know with the help of these verbs. But we get to know for one time period. This is the thing to remember, have you opened the notebook? Very good. Very good. Also, note it down. “is”, “am”, “are” are present forms of “to be”. It thas past form too. Must be known. I tell you quickly and will use later. “was”, and “were” are past forms of “to be”. What was a thing? E.g. he was a teacher, and we were very happy etc. It has a present form, I have just told its past form to you. It has future forms too. “will be”, and “shall be” are future forms of “to be”. When we do tenses, we will talk in detail about it. “ to be” is the main focus, that’s why I am telling you. Remember, the present form of verb “to be” about which we are talking about. What are they? Is, am , are. Is, am, are as I told you that we use to tell what is that thing or what is the person or who he is. There are some examples of it orally and you could view on the board too. You can watch. I am a teacher. What/who are you? You are a student. Very good! Very good. What are we all? We are Pakistani. What else can we say? For example. We are happy. I am sad. The emotional conditions of a man, about them, I am happy, I am sad. I am sorry, you say it too. “Am” is used with “I”. “Is” is used with a singular subject. That singular subject can be a thing, can be a person, or it can be a place. i.e. Lahore is a big city. When we talk about two cities. What will we say? Lahore and Karachi are big cities. Right. Am is used for I, “is” is used for singular subject. “Is” also used with “he” or “she”. He is a lawyer. She is a doctor, etc. There is something to note down. When we say that it is this, we have to tell that it is “not” this. Who is someone? And who is not someone? i.e. He is a lawyer. He is not a doctor. It is like that. Its negative is so simple. Add not after “is”, “am”, and “are”. Whatever the compliment, you can add to it. Not will be used with all of them. e.g. He is a lawyer. He is not a lawyer. We are Pakistanis. They are not Pakistani. I am a teacher. I am not a pilot. So, it is so simple to make it negative. Simply add “not” with “is”, “am”, and “are”. Look at the screen. You are learning freelancing from a good source. You are learning. Are is used for plural. Well, one thing is to remember which sentence is just told from a good source. What is the source? When you say source, when you call say source. The thing which you learn online has its source. If I say, you are learning from a university. You can say that you are learning from a nice place. If we say a place, it means that there is a place about which we are talking. If we have to tell we are learning from a nice source. So the thing about which is talked about now, what is that? That “is”, “am”, and “are” tell us who the person is and what the person is. We could tell by using the note that who the person is not and what the thing is not.